Copyright Prentice-Hall 2002 Abnormal Psychology Fifth Edition Nevid, Rathus and Greene

Copyright Prentice-Hall 2002 PowerPoint Presentation Prepared By Fred W. Whitford Montana State University

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Copyright Prentice-Hall 2002 Criteria for Determining AbnormalityCriteria for Determining Abnormality –Unusual behavior –Violating social norms –Personal distress –Maladaptive behavior –Dangerous behavior * How Do We Define Abnormal Psychology

Copyright Prentice-Hall 2002* Lifetime and Past-Year Prevalence of Psychological Disorders

Copyright Prentice-Hall 2002 Cultural Bases of Abnormal BehaviorCultural Bases of Abnormal Behavior* How Do We Define Abnormal Psychology

Copyright Prentice-Hall 2002 The Demonological ModelThe Demonological Model –Trephining Origins of the Medical ModelOrigins of the Medical Model –Humors Medieval TimesMedieval Times –Exorcism * Historical Perspectives on Abnormal Behavior

Copyright Prentice-Hall 2002 WitchcraftWitchcraft –Malleus Maleficarum AsylumsAsylums –Bedlam The Reform Movement and Moral TherapyThe Reform Movement and Moral Therapy* Historical Perspectives on Abnormal Behavior

Copyright Prentice-Hall 2002 A Step BackwardA Step Backward –Warehoused The Community Mental Health MovementThe Community Mental Health Movement –Deinstitutionalization –Phenothiazines * Historical Perspectives on Abnormal Behavior

Copyright Prentice-Hall 2002 Contemporary Perspectives on Abnormal BehaviorContemporary Perspectives on Abnormal Behavior –Biological perspective Dementia praecoxDementia praecox General paresisGeneral paresis –Psychological perspective Hypnosis and HysteriaHypnosis and Hysteria Psychodynamic modelPsychodynamic model* Historical Perspectives on Abnormal Behavior

Copyright Prentice-Hall 2002 Contemporary Perspectives on Abnormal BehaviorContemporary Perspectives on Abnormal Behavior –Sociocultural perspective –Biopsychosocial perspective Interactionist modelInteractionist model* Historical Perspectives on Abnormal Behavior

Copyright Prentice-Hall 2002 Description, Explanation, Prediction, and ControlDescription, Explanation, Prediction, and Control The Scientific MethodThe Scientific Method –Formulating a research question –Forming a hypothesis –Testing the hypothesis –Drawing conclusions * Research Methods In Abnormal Psychology

Copyright Prentice-Hall 2002 Ethics in ResearchEthics in Research –Informed consent –Debriefing –Confidentiality Naturalistic-Observation MethodNaturalistic-Observation Method –Unobtrusive * Research Methods In Abnormal Psychology

Copyright Prentice-Hall 2002 CorrelationCorrelation –Variables –Positive correlation –Negative correlation –Longitudinal study * Research Methods In Abnormal Psychology

Copyright Prentice-Hall 2002 The Experimental MethodThe Experimental Method –Causal relationship –Independent variables –Dependant variables –Experimental and control subjects –Controlling for subject expectancies Blind subjectsBlind subjects PlaceboPlacebo* Research Methods In Abnormal Psychology

Copyright Prentice-Hall 2002 The Experimental MethodThe Experimental Method –Experimental validity Internal validityInternal validity External validityExternal validity Epidemiological MethodEpidemiological Method –Survey method –Incidence * Research Methods In Abnormal Psychology

Copyright Prentice-Hall 2002 Epidemiological MethodEpidemiological Method –Sample Population PopulationPopulation SampleSample Random sampleRandom sample* Research Methods In Abnormal Psychology

Copyright Prentice-Hall 2002 Kinship StudiesKinship Studies –Genetics –Genes –Polygenic –Chromosomes –Genotype –Phenotype –Proband * Research Methods In Abnormal Psychology

Copyright Prentice-Hall 2002 Kinship StudiesKinship Studies –Twin studies Monozygotic (MZ) twinsMonozygotic (MZ) twins Dizygotic (DZ) twinsDizygotic (DZ) twins ConcordanceConcordance –Adoptee Studies * Research Methods In Abnormal Psychology

Copyright Prentice-Hall 2002* Kinship Studies

Copyright Prentice-Hall 2002 Case-Study MethodCase-Study Method –Types of case-studies –Single-case experimental designs * Research Methods In Abnormal Psychology

Copyright Prentice-Hall 2002* A-B-A-B Reversal Design

Copyright Prentice-Hall 2002* Azrin and Peterson Study

Copyright Prentice-Hall 2002* Bornstein, Bellack, and Hersen

Copyright Prentice-Hall 2002 Thinking Critically About Abnormal PsychologyThinking Critically About Abnormal Psychology –Maintain a skeptical attitude –Consider definitions of terms –Weigh assumptions and premises –Correlation is not causation –Consider kinds of evidence –Do not oversimplify or overgeneralize * A Closer Look