By Associate Professor Dr. Rosseni Din VENUE: Politeknik Ipoh DATE: 20 – 23 May 2013 MODULE 3 BENEFIT OF ICT USAGE (CIPS) IN TEACHING AND LEARNING

Principles and Learning Objectives  Discuss benefits of using ICT in teaching and learning;  Identify challenges that are faced by higher education institutions with regard to implementation and integration of ICT in teaching and learning  Outline some of the strategies that can be used to minimise identified challenges

USAGE OF ICT IN DAILY LIFE

WHY ICT? Need to develop the skills which will enable them (and society as a whole) to benefit from new opportunities offered by ICT. ICT enhances the quality of teaching and learning in schools, and thus contributes to the raising of standards of achievement in education

WHY ICT? Enhances learning and teaching Key skill for future work / life long learning National curriculum requirement

VIDEO CLIPS Why You Should Use Technology in your Classroom Why Use Technology in the Classroom The Learning Advantages World Wide Web

WHY WE SHOULD USE ICT IN CLASS? Based on research of 32 students of Educational Technology TESL UKM

BENEFITS OF ICT IN EDUCATION Greater efficiency throughout the school (Greene et al, 2002) Communication channels are increased through , discussion groups and chat rooms Regular use of ICT across different curriculum subjects can have a beneficial motivational influence on students’ learning (Cox 1997)

BENEFITS FOR TEACHERS ICT facilitates sharing of resources, expertise and advice Greater flexibility in when and where tasks are carried out Gains in ICT literacy skills, confidence and enthusiasm (Harrison et al, 1998) Easier planning and preparation of lessons and designing materials

BENEFITS FOR TEACHERS Access to up-to-date pupil and school data, any time and anywhere (Perry, 2003) Enhancement of professional image projected to colleagues Students are generally more ‘on task’ and express more positive feelings when they use computers than when they are given other tasks to do (Becker 2000) Computer use during lessons motivated students to continue using learning outside school hours (Becker 2000; Chen and Looi 1999; Harris and Kington 2002)

BENEFITS FOR STUDENTS Higher quality lessons through greater collaboration between teachers in planning and preparing resources (Ofsted, 2002) More focused teaching, tailored to students’ strengths and weaknesses, through better analysis of attainment data Improved pastoral care and behaviour management through better tracking of students Gains in understanding and analytical skills, including improvements in reading comprehension (Lewin et al, 2000) Development of writing skills (including spelling, grammar, punctuation, editing and re-drafting), also fluency, originality and elaboration (Lewin et al, 2000)

BENEFITS FOR STUDENTS Encouragement of independent and active learning, and self-responsibility for learning (Passey, 1999) Flexibility of ‘anytime, anywhere’ access (Jacobsen and Kremer, 2000) Development of higher level learning styles (Gibbs, 1999)

BENEFITS FOR STUDENT Students who used educational technology in school felt more successful in school, were more motivated to learn and have increased self-confidence and self-esteem (Software and Information Industry Association 2000) Students found learning in a technology-enhanced setting more stimulating and student-centred than in a traditional classroom (Pedretti and Mayer- Smith 1998) Broadband technology supports the reliable and uninterrupted downloading of web-hosted educational multimedia resources Opportunities to address their work to an external audience (Allen 1995) Opportunities to collaborate on assignments with people outside or inside school (Chiu 2002; Lipponen 2000; Willinsky 2000)

BENEFITS FOR PARENTS Easier communication with teachers (Becta, 2001) Higher quality student reports – more legible, more detailed, better presented (Accounts Commission for Scotland, 1999) Greater access to more accurate attendance and attainment information Increased involvement in education for parents and, in some cases, improved self-esteem (Hennessy, 1998; National Literacy Association, 1996) Increased knowledge of children’s learning and capabilities, owing to increase in learning activity being situated in the home Parents are more likely to be engaged in the school community

ADVANTAGES Advantages of ICT Students are not very tired; Students may return to the material at any time; Students may predict the events, even their future results; Students are taught individually; Students may plan the process of studying; Students may use different sources of information; Students are more motivated.

DISADVANTAGES Disadvantages of ICT ICT not reaching its full potential in the foundation stage because teacher’s attitude. According to Hara (2004), within the early years education attitudes towards ICT can vary considerably. Some see it as a potential tool to aid learning whereas others seem to disagree with the use of technology in early year settings. Blatchford and Whitebread (2003:16), suggests that the use of ICT in the foundation stage is “unhealthy and hinders learning”.

DISADVANTAGES Other early years educators who are opposed to offering ICT experiences within the educational settings take a less extreme view than this and suggest that ICT is fine, but there are other more vital experiences that young children will benefit from, (Blatchford and Whitebread, 2003). In theory some people may have the opinion that the teachers who had not experienced ICT throughout their learning tend to have a negative attitude towards it, as they may lack the training in that area of the curriculum.

DISADVANTAGES Computers are expensive. According to the IT learning exchange (2001), in most schools ICT will be the single largest curriculum budget cost. This may be seen as a good thing but on the other hand there will be little money left over for other significant costs.

THINGS TO BE CONSIDERED It is a very common experience for teachers in the early stages of using ICT to find that their lessons take much more time when using ICT than they do without using ICT. Firstly, you must remember that your students are learning a set of new and valuable skills alongside the traditional subject content. Secondly, use of ICT can be slow where many beginners are working together, but speeds up considerably within a short time, as users become more familiar with the working environment and the skills involved.

THINGS TO BE CONSIDERED It is worth noting that one very positive feature of ICT use in schools is that both teachers and pupils are very keen to share their knowledge to help and support one another. One additional benefit is that use of ICT often creates situations where students must work together.

THINGS TO BE CONSIDERED Example: discussions and debates - bring a new dimension to the learning experience spontaneous lively communication - initial ideas being challenged, and thus the need to re-assess conclusions, make compromises and reach agreements.

Discussion Debates