What rights might women want at the turn-of-the-century? How might women make the American public listen and take note? Make sure your note sheet and note cards are out! Friday, 5/01

Women’s Rights Issues to be Addressed Owning Property Divorce Clothing (corsets) Access to Birth Control (Margaret Sanger) Suffrage - voting Our focus of study! On Your Notesheet #5

Elizabeth Cady Stanton First president of a new women’s rights organization - National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) Part of the early Women’s Rights Movement. Born 1815 Died 1902

School House Rock – “Sufferin' Till Suffrage” A good overview

What differences between these women do you notice or can assume?

Women’s Reform Leaders Alice Paul – radical activist who worked towards gaining suffrage for women. Part of “new generation.” Her work directly leads to the passage of the 19th Amendment (1920) Born 1885 Died 1977

Alice Paul describes her disruption of Lord Mayor's banquet and subsequent force feeding after hunger strike in Holloway jail. She refused to wear prison clothes or to work, so spent the month in bed Alice Paul describes her work in the British suffrage movement during She disrupted the Lord Mayor's banquet and was force fed after a hunger strike in jail. She refused to wear prison clothes or work. She returned to the United States and in 1917 was arrested and sent to a work house in Virginia (like a women’s prison)

Images of Alice Paul’s Force Feeding

From Mary Poppins “Sister Suffragette”

Environment Concerns Conservation of the Land and Preservation of the land. »John Muir ( ), Sierra Club Founder and known as the “Father of Our National Parks” »Inspired T. Roosevelt’s programs such as the Antiquities Act (1906) and setting aside more forest land under the US Forest Service (1891) On Your Notesheet #6

End here on Friday, 5/01

Why might the American government be interested in preserving land? Monday, 5/04

During his administration he set aside 148 million acres of national forest lands and withdrew from public sale 80 million acres of mineral lands! “We are prone to speak of the resources of this country as inexhaustible; this is not so. The mineral wealth of the country, the coal, iron, oil, gas, and the like does not reproduce itself, and therefore is certain to be exhausted ultimately; and wastefulness in dealing with it today means that our descendants will feel the exhaustion a generation or two before they otherwise would.” (1907) Theodore Roosevelt

Environment, cont. – National Park Service »Established under Woodrow Wilson’s Presidency in 1916.

Notesheet #7 (Early) African American Civil Rights African Americans were still fighting for basic rights guaranteed to them in the Constitution

Three Reminders of the Problems African Americans Faced Voter Restrictions –Poll Tax – Pay a fee to vote –Literacy Test – prove you could read & write to vote –Grandfather Clause – exempts a group of people from obeying a law provided they met certain conditions before law was passed

Reminder of the Problems African Americans Faced Jim Crow Laws – System of laws that segregated public services by race

Reminder of the Problems African Americans Faced Plessy v. Ferguson – “Separate but Equal” (1896) –Supreme Court ruled against Homer Plessy saying segregation was legal as long as separate facilities were equal

Additional Problems Faced by African Americans Lynching – mob’s illegal seizure & execution of a person, usually by hanging

African American Leaders Who are they? What are their philosophies?

African American Leaders Booker T. Washington – encouraged African Americans to become educated & learn a trade Established Tuskegee Institute in Alabama Wanted to work slowly and diligently towards rights – nothing radical

African American Leaders W.E.B. DuBois – encouraged Top 10% of African Americans to attend college & become leaders Was more aggressive than Washington in his reform work One of the founders of the N.A.A.C.P.

African American Leaders NAACP – National Association for the Advancement of Colored People –Worked through courts to gain equal rights for African Am.

How Reformers Met Goals Key leaders worked to change the attitude Americans. NAACP w orked through the courts to gain equal rights for African Americans It is a slow process... This is only the beginning!

Closer Mon., 5/04 Answer the following question with details on your closer paper. In your opinion who was the more effective leader African American leader: Booker T. Washington or W.E.B. DuBois? Why?

Our Progressive Presidents Theodore Roosevelt Led the fight to dissolve 40 monopolies as a “trust buster." “Square Deal" promised a fair shake for the average citizen, including: – regulation of railroad rates and pure foods and drugs. – promotion of the conservation movement, emphasizing efficient use of natural resources.

William Howard Taft initiated 80 antitrust suits Under his leadership, Congress submitted to the states amendments for a Federal income tax and the direct election of Senators. the Interstate Commerce Commission was directed to set railroad rates. Displeased many liberal Republicans by supporting high tariffs Our Progressive Presidents

1912 Election

Woodrow Wilson Anti-trust legislation established a Federal Trade Commission to prohibit unfair business practices. Laws prohibiting child labor; another limited railroad workers to an eight-hour day. Lowered Tariffs: reduced prices on goods for the lower class Our Progressive Presidents