When a vibration or an oscillation repeats itself, back and forth, over the same path, the motion is called periodic. Examples: swing, vibrating spring,

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Presentation transcript:

When a vibration or an oscillation repeats itself, back and forth, over the same path, the motion is called periodic. Examples: swing, vibrating spring, grandfather clock, different types of waves ALL Waves carry energy Periodic Motion

Different types of waves around us: Ocean waves: Greeting or cheering waves: Shaking a rope waves: Compressing a slinky waves: Electromagnetic waves (radio; TV; X-rays; microwaves) Mass on a spring; Circular motion and pendulum waves:

A sound wave is produced by a vibrating object. As a sound source (guitar string; tuning fork, etc.) vibrates, it sets surrounding air molecules into vibrational motion. eardrum Guitar string Tuning fork …and last but not least: Sound waves

Sound waves in 1 and 2 dimensions:

Sound Waves

Sinusoidal Nature of Waves All types of waves could be described using trigonometric functions: Where A is the amplitude;  is the angular frequency (in radians per seconds) and  is the phase shift

Practice with computer simulated sound: Datastudio software

Sound in everyday life Pitch: related to frequency. Audible range: about 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz; Ultrasound: above 20,000 Hz; Infrasound: below 20 Hz Loudness: related to amplitude of the sound wave There are two different ways to measure loudness: 1. Using the subjective sensation of a human being; 2. Using the physically measurable quantity “intensity” of sound;