Demographics demos – the people graphy – writing about, recording

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Presentation transcript:

Demographics demos – the people graphy – writing about, recording DEFINITION: writing about the people

DEMOGRAPHICS – Learning Goals Explain concepts related to demography Describe population trends in Canada and around the world Explain the significance of immigration to Canadian society Assess the impact of demographic change

WHY ARE DEMOGRAPHICS IMPORTANT? (BEFORE)

STUDYING GROWING TRENDS DEMOGRAPHY – the statistical study of population Used in forming public policy, marketing Reveals important details about ethnicity, age, gender What are important demographic trends that social scientists need to study?

DEMOGRAPHIC CONCEPTS Fertility rate – measured using the crude birth rate (the number of live births per 1,000 people per year) Mortality rate – measured using the crude death rate (the number of deaths per 1,000 people per year) Migration – movement of people into and out of an area Analyzed together to measure overall population changes

CONCEPTS, cont’d Population Composition – the demographic profile of a population (societies, nations, world religions, other groups) Sex Ratio – the number of men per 100 women Population Pyramid – population distribution by sex and age

DEMOGRAPHIC THEORIES Malthusian Theory (Thomas Malthus) Factors that control human population are war, famine and disease These “positive checks” increased mortality rates “preventative checks” such as birth control and celibacy reduced fertility rates As population grows exponentially, people would run out of food, causing war over scarce resources and reducing the population

THEORIES, cont’d Zero-Population Growth (Paul Ehrlich) The world is moving toward environmental collapse Advocated for a goal of zero population growth (ZPG) Support for this idea is mixed but still considered possible

THEORIES, cont’d Cornucopian Theory Asserts that human ingenuity can resolve issues as they develop If we need more food, for instance, scientists will find a way to grow more Humans have adapted for thousands of years – no reason it will stop

Demographic Transition Theory Future population growth will develop along a predictable model Stage 1 – birth, death, infant mortality rates are all high; life expectancy is short Stage 2 – birth rates are higher; infant mortality and death rates drop while life expectancy increases Stage 3 – as society is industrialized, birth rates decline, life expectancy increases and death rates continue to decrease Stage 4 – the postindustrial era; birth and death rates are low, people live longer; leads to population stability

POPULATION TRENDS Canada: Population of 34 278 400 (2011) Total number of immigrants in 2013: 258,953 Total number of births in 2013/14: 385,937 Total number deaths in 2013/14: 256,721 What other trends do you notice? - http://www.statcan.gc.ca/tables- tableaux/sum-som/l01/ind01/l3_3867-eng.htm?hili_none

AFRICA EUROPE

IMMIGRATION IN CANADA

POPULATION TRENDS, cont’d CANADA http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2006/as-sa/97- 553/vignettes/FamFlash-eng.cfm THE WORLD http://www.cbc.ca/doczone/episodes/generation-boomerang

WHY ARE DEMOGRAPHICS IMPORTANT? (AFTER)

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