For Sell and tube heat exchanger, pump, compressor and valve. Designed by:- Lulwa H. Hamada EQUIPMENT DESIGN

Heat Exchanger Heat exchangers transfer heat energy from one fluid or gas to another without mixing the two.

Assumptions: 1- Use shell and tube heat exchanger, one shell and two tube passes. 2- The value of the overall heat transfer coefficient was assumed to be Assume the outer, the inner diameter and the length of the tube.

Design procedure:- 1. Heat load,(kW) Q = (m Cp ΔT)hot =(m Cp ΔT)cold 2. Tube side flow, (kg/hr) 3.Log mean Temperature, (˚C)

ΔT1= Thi-Tco ΔT2= Tho-Tci Where, Thi: inlet hot stream temperature (˚C) Tho: outlet stream temperature (˚C) Tci: inlet cold stream temperature (˚C) Tco: outlet cold temperature (˚C) Where, ΔTm= Ft ΔTlm 4-Provisional Area, (m2)

5. Number of tubes Number of tubes = provisional area / area of one tube Area of one tube = L * do *π 6. Bundle diameter Db: bundle diameter Nt: number of tubes K1: constant from table. n1: constant from table.

7. Shell diameter Ds = Db + (shell inside diameter -bundle diameter) 8. Tube side Coefficient Method 1 Method 2

9. Shell side Coefficient 10. Overall heat transfer coefficient

11. Pressure drop a. Tube side b. Shell side 12. Shell thickness

Where; t: shell thickness (in) P: internal pressure (psig) r i : internal radius of shell (in) E J : efficiency of joints S: working stress (psi) C c : allowance for corrosion (in)

E-100Equipment name Heat load (kW) 100Overall heat transfer coefficient (W/m 2 o C) LMTD ( o C) 1898Number of tubes Tube length (m) Tube diameter (mm) Heat transfer area (m 2 ) Thickness (mm) Shell diameter (m) Carbon steelMaterial of construction 73,900Cost ($)

Pump a) Assumptions:- Centrifugal pump. b) Design procedures:- 1.Calculate the flow rate, m= ρ * Q 2.Calculate the work shift, Ws = -ha * g 3.Assume efficiency, ζ. 4.Calculate the Brake horse power = (-Ws * m) / (ζ * 1000) 5.Calculate the diameter, d.

P-100Equipment name Power (kW) 75Efficiency% Carbon steelMaterial of construction 69,100Cost ($)

Compressor a) Assumptions:- Centrifugal compressor. b) Design procedures:- 1.Calculate comparison factor n. 2.Calculate work done. W= [nR(T 1 -T 2 )]/[1-n]

3.Calculate horse power. Hp = (mol rate/3600 )*(1/M.wt)*(W)*( / ) 4.Calculate K. K = (Mwt*CP)/(Mwt*CP-1.986) 5.Calculate efficiency of compressor. Ep = [n/(n-1)]/[k/(k-1)]

K-100Equipment name Power (hp) Efficiency% Carbon steelMaterial of construction 269,400Cost ($)

Valves There are many types for valves, such as:- 1- Ball valve, which is good for on/off control. 2- Butterfly valve, particularly in large pipes. 3- Choke valve: a valve that lifts up and down a solid cylinder which is placed around or inside another cylinder which has holes or slots. 4- Check valve or non-return valve, allows the fluid to pass one direction only. 5- Diaphragm valve, a sanitary valve predominantly used in the pharmaceutical industry. 6- Gate valve, mainly for on/off control. 7- Globe valve, which is good for regulating flow. 8- Needle valve, for gently releasing high pressures. 9- Piston valve. 10- Plug valve, for on/off control.

a) Assumptions:- Gate valve. b) Design procedures:- 1.Take the value of the pipe diameter from Hysys. 2.Estimate the cost of the valve at the inlet pressure from figure at P inlet.

VLV-100Equipment name 20632Flow Rate (Kmole/hr) 5066Pressure Drop (Kpa) Stainless steelMaterial of construction 550Cost ($)