The Ecology: Interactions Unit The Ecology: Interactions Unit Everything is connected to each other. Everything is connected to each other.

The Ecology: Interactions Unit The Ecology: Interactions Unit Everything is connected to each other. Everything is connected to each other.

The Ecology: Interactions Unit The Ecology: Interactions Unit Everything is connected to each other. Everything is connected to each other. That is you! You are one species that is connected to every other species.

The Ecology: Interactions Unit The Ecology: Interactions Unit Everything is connected to each other. Everything is connected to each other. Watch what happens to the web as we remove species.

The Ecology: Interactions Unit The Ecology: Interactions Unit Everything is connected to each other. Everything is connected to each other.

The Ecology: Interactions Unit The Ecology: Interactions Unit Everything is connected to each other. Everything is connected to each other.

The Ecology: Interactions Unit The Ecology: Interactions Unit Everything is connected to each other. Everything is connected to each other.

The Ecology: Interactions Unit The Ecology: Interactions Unit Everything is connected to each other. Everything is connected to each other.

The Ecology: Interactions Unit The Ecology: Interactions Unit Everything is connected to each other. Everything is connected to each other.

The Ecology: Interactions Unit The Ecology: Interactions Unit Everything is connected to each other. Everything is connected to each other.

The Ecology: Interactions Unit The Ecology: Interactions Unit Everything is connected to each other. Everything is connected to each other.

The Ecology: Interactions Unit The Ecology: Interactions Unit Everything is connected to each other. Everything is connected to each other.

The Ecology: Interactions Unit The Ecology: Interactions Unit Everything is connected to each other. Everything is connected to each other.

The Ecology: Interactions Unit The Ecology: Interactions Unit Everything is connected to each other. Everything is connected to each other.

The Ecology: Interactions Unit The Ecology: Interactions Unit Everything is connected to each other. Everything is connected to each other.

The Ecology: Interactions Unit The Ecology: Interactions Unit Everything is connected to each other. Everything is connected to each other. Understanding the complexity of how species are connected is the key to better management and our own well-being.

Activity! Where does the study of ecology fit in all the levels of biological organization below. Place the line. –Force Carrier Particles –Quarks –Sub-Atomic Particles –Atoms –Molecules –Organelles –Cells –Tissue –Organs –Organ System –Individual –Population –Community –Biome –Biosphere –Solar System –Galaxy –Universe –Cosmos

Activity! Where does the study of ecology fit in all the levels of biological organization below. Place the line. –Force Carrier Particles –Quarks –Sub-Atomic Particles –Atoms –Molecules –Organelles –Cells –Tissue –Organs –Organ System –Individual –Population –Community –Biome –Biosphere –Solar System –Galaxy –Universe –Cosmos

Levels of Biological Organization. –Force Carrier Particles –Quarks –Sub-Atomic Particles –Atoms –Molecules –Organelles –Cells –Tissue –Organs –Organ System Physics and Chemistry Biology

Individual Population Community Biome Biosphere Solar System Galaxy Universe Cosmos Astronomy Ecology

Individual – Population - Community –- Biome - Biosphere

Individual: Organism with unique DNA and cells. Individual: Organism with unique DNA and cells.

meatballs DNA: A large molecule that passes on information.

Individual: Organism with unique DNA and cells. Individual: Organism with unique DNA and cells. meatballs Cells: Smallest unit of life. You are made of Trillions of tiny cells.

Population: Groups of similar individuals who tend to mate with each other in a limited geographic area. Population: Groups of similar individuals who tend to mate with each other in a limited geographic area.

Ecosystem: The relationships of populations with each other and their environment. Ecosystem: The relationships of populations with each other and their environment.

Community: The relationships between groups of populations. Community: The relationships between groups of populations.

Biome: A regional ecosystem characterized by distinct types of vegetation and animals. Biome: A regional ecosystem characterized by distinct types of vegetation and animals. Determined by temperature and rainfall. Determined by temperature and rainfall.

Summer

Winter

Summer

Winter

Temperate Rainforest

Biosphere: The part of the earth and its atmosphere in which living organisms exist. Biosphere: The part of the earth and its atmosphere in which living organisms exist.

Biosphere consists of…Biosphere consists of… –-

Ecosphere: The surface of the earth and all the ecosystems.Ecosphere: The surface of the earth and all the ecosystems.

Lithosphere: Below the surface, in the crust and mantle.Lithosphere: Below the surface, in the crust and mantle.

Hydrosphere: All waters not in atmosphere and lithosphere.Hydrosphere: All waters not in atmosphere and lithosphere.

Atmosphere: The area of gases that surround the planet.Atmosphere: The area of gases that surround the planet.

Individual Population Community Ecosystem Biome Biosphere

Individual Population Community Ecosystem Biome Biosphere

Individual Population Community Ecosystem Biome Biosphere

Individual Population Community Ecosystem Biome Biosphere

Individual Population Community Ecosystem Biome Biosphere

Individual Population Community Ecosystem Biome Biosphere Includes non-living factors

Individual Population Community Ecosystem Biome Biosphere Includes non-living factors AIR

Individual Population Community Ecosystem Biome Biosphere

Individual Population Community Ecosystem Biome Biosphere

Video – Ecosystem Organization (Australia) –

Habitat: The type of environment in which an organism lives. Habitat: The type of environment in which an organism lives.

Which tree has more value in a forest ecosystem?

Answer!

Answer! Both have value,

Answer! Both have value, but dead trees are extremely valuable to a forest ecosystem because they provide habitat such as den sites, a steady food source of insects, and ultimately fertilize the soil after decay.

What are the five things in a habitat that I need to survive?

The needs of an organism are… Air. Water. Food. Shelter. Space.

Community ecology: The study of interacting populations.

How do you pronounce niche? What is a niche?

Answer! Can be Nitch or Neesh. Both work.

Ecological Niche: The place or function of a given organism within its ecosystem. Ecological Niche: The place or function of a given organism within its ecosystem.

That is just a fancy name for saying… My job.

Name the niche of the two pictures below?

Activity! What are the niches of people in this school.

Partner up, please determine the jobs of each of the following players in your town?o –Teachers will assign each pair one from the group below. Be prepared to present. s: -Principal: To manage the entire school -Custodian: Maintain the building. -Lunch Staff: To feed the students. -DOT: Provide roads to get to school. -Teachers: To educate the students. -Students: To Learn and master schoolwork. -Parents: To assist teachers and students. -Tax Payers: Provide $ for all of the above. -DOE: To manage teachers. -Farmers:

Possible Answers: -Principal: To manage the entire school -Custodian: Maintain the building. -Lunch Staff: To feed the students. -DOT: Provide roads to get to school. -Teachers: To educate the students. -Students: To Learn and master schoolwork. -Parents: To assist teachers and students. -Tax Payers: Provide $ for all of the above. -DOE: To manage teachers. -Farmers: Provide the food for all of the above.

Possible Answers: -Principal: To manage the entire school -Custodian: Maintain the building. -Lunch Staff: To feed the students. -DOT: Provide roads to get to school. -Teachers: To educate the students. -Students: To Learn and master schoolwork. -Parents: To assist teachers and students. -Tax Payers: Provide $ for all of the above. -DOE: To manage teachers. -Farmers: Provide the food for all of the above.

Possible Answers: -Principal: To manage the entire school -Custodian: Maintain the building. -Lunch Staff: To feed the students. -DOT: Provide roads to get to school. -Teachers: To educate the students. -Students: To Learn and master schoolwork. -Parents: To assist teachers and students. -Tax Payers: Provide $ for all of the above. -DOE: To manage teachers. -Farmers: Provide the food for all of the above.

Possible Answers: -Principal: To manage the entire school -Custodian: Maintain the building. -Lunch Staff: To feed the students. -DOT: Provide roads to get to school. -Teachers: To educate the students. -Students: To Learn and master schoolwork. -Parents: To assist teachers and students. -Tax Payers: Provide $ for all of the above. -DOE: To manage teachers. -Farmers: Provide the food for all of the above.

Possible Answers: -Principal: To manage the entire school -Custodian: Maintain the building. -Lunch Staff: To feed the students. -DOT: Provide roads to get to school. -Teachers: To educate the students. -Students: To Learn and master schoolwork. -Parents: To assist teachers and students. -Tax Payers: Provide $ for all of the above. -DOE: To manage teachers. -Farmers: Provide the food for all of the above.

Possible Answers: -Principal: To manage the entire school -Custodian: Maintain the building. -Lunch Staff: To feed the students. -DOT: Provide roads to get to school. -Teachers: To educate the students. -Students: To Learn and master schoolwork. -Parents: To assist teachers and students. -Tax Payers: Provide $ for all of the above. -DOE: To manage teachers. -Farmers: Provide the food for all of the above.

Possible Answers: -Principal: To manage the entire school -Custodian: Maintain the building. -Lunch Staff: To feed the students. -DOT: Provide roads to get to school. -Teachers: To educate the students. -Students: To Learn and master schoolwork. -Parents: To assist teachers and students. -Tax Payers: Provide $ for all of the above. -DOE: To manage teachers. -Farmers: Provide the food for all of the above.

Possible Answers: -Principal: To manage the entire school -Custodian: Maintain the building. -Lunch Staff: To feed the students. -DOT: Provide roads to get to school. -Teachers: To educate the students. -Students: To Learn and master schoolwork. -Parents: To assist teachers and students. -Tax Payers: Provide $ for all of the above. -DOE: To manage teachers. -Farmers: Provide the food for all of the above.

Possible Answers: -Principal: To manage the entire school -Custodian: Maintain the building. -Lunch Staff: To feed the students. -DOT: Provide roads to get to school. -Teachers: To educate the students. -Students: To Learn and master schoolwork. -Parents: To assist teachers and students. -Tax Payers: Provide $ for all of the above. -DOE: To manage teachers. -Farmers: Provide the food for all of the above.

Possible Answers: -Principal: To manage the entire school -Custodian: Maintain the building. -Lunch Staff: To feed the students. -DOT: Provide roads to get to school. -Teachers: To educate the students. -Students: To Learn and master schoolwork. -Parents: To assist teachers and students. -Tax Payers: Provide $ for all of the above. -DOE: To manage teachers. -Farmers: Provide the food for all of the above.

Possible Answers: -Principal: To manage the entire school -Custodian: Maintain the building. -Lunch Staff: To feed the students. -DOT: Provide roads to get to school. -Teachers: To educate the students. -Students: To Learn and master schoolwork. -Parents: To assist teachers and students. -Tax Payers: Provide $ for all of the above. -DOE: To manage teachers. -Farmers: Provide the food for all of the above.

Possible Answers: -Principal: To manage the entire school -Custodian: Maintain the building. -Lunch Staff: To feed the students. -DOT: Provide roads to get to school. -Teachers: To educate the students. -Students: To Learn and master schoolwork. -Parents: To assist teachers and students. -Tax Payers: Provide $ for all of the above. -DOE: To manage teachers. -Farmers: Provide the food for all of the above.

Possible Answers: -Principal: To manage the entire school -Custodian: Maintain the building. -Lunch Staff: To feed the students. -DOT: Provide roads to get to school. -Teachers: To educate the students. -Students: To Learn and master schoolwork. -Parents: To assist teachers and students. -Tax Payers: Provide $ for all of the above. -DOE: To manage teachers. -Farmers: Provide the food for all of the above.

Possible Answers: -Principal: To manage the entire school -Custodian: Maintain the building. -Lunch Staff: To feed the students. -DOT: Provide roads to get to school. -Teachers: To educate the students. -Students: To Learn and master schoolwork. -Parents: To assist teachers and students. -Tax Payers: Provide $ for all of the above. -DOE: To manage teachers. -Farmers: Provide the food for all of the above.

Possible Answers: -Principal: To manage the entire school -Custodian: Maintain the building. -Lunch Staff: To feed the students. -DOT: Provide roads to get to school. -Teachers: To educate the students. -Students: To Learn and master schoolwork. -Parents: To assist teachers and students. -Tax Payers: Provide $ for all of the above. -DOE: To manage teachers. -Farmers: Provide the food for all of the above.

Possible Answers: -Principal: To manage the entire school -Custodian: Maintain the building. -Lunch Staff: To feed the students. -DOT: Provide roads to get to school. -Teachers: To educate the students. -Students: To Learn and master schoolwork. -Parents: To assist teachers and students. -Tax Payers: Provide $ for all of the above. -DOE: To manage teachers. -Farmers: Provide the food for all of the above.

Possible Answers: -Principal: To manage the entire school -Custodian: Maintain the building. -Lunch Staff: To feed the students. -DOT: Provide roads to get to school. -Teachers: To educate the students. -Students: To Learn and master schoolwork. -Parents: To assist teachers and students. -Tax Payers: Provide $ for all of the above. -DOE: To manage teachers. -Farmers: Provide the food for all of the above.

Possible Answers: -Principal: To manage the entire school -Custodian: Maintain the building. -Lunch Staff: To feed the students. -DOT: Provide roads to get to school. -Teachers: To educate the students. -Students: To Learn and master schoolwork. -Parents: To assist teachers and students. -Tax Payers: Provide $ for all of the above. -DOE: To manage teachers. -Farmers: Provide the food for all of the above.

Possible Answers: -Principal: To manage the entire school -Custodian: Maintain the building. -Lunch Staff: To feed the students. -DOT: Provide roads to get to school. -Teachers: To educate the students. -Students: To Learn and master schoolwork. -Parents: To assist teachers and students. -Tax Payers: Provide $ for all of the above. -DOE: To manage teachers. -Farmers: Provide the food for all of the above.

Possible Answers: -Principal: To manage the entire school -Custodian: Maintain the building. -Lunch Staff: To feed the students. -DOT: Provide roads to get to school. -Teachers: To educate the students. -Students: To Learn and master schoolwork. -Parents: To assist teachers and students. -Tax Payers: Provide $ for all of the above. -DOE: To manage teachers. -Farmers: Provide the food for all of the above.

Possible Answers: -Principal: To manage the entire school -Custodian: Maintain the building. -Lunch Staff: To feed the students. -DOT: Provide roads to get to school. -Teachers: To educate the students. -Students: To Learn and master schoolwork. -Parents: To assist teachers and students. -Tax Payers: Provide $ for all of the above. -DOE: To manage teachers. -Farmers: Provide the food for all of the above.

Activity! Each table needs to look at the picture and describe the ecological niche of one the organisms. Niche = jobs / role.

Activity! Each table needs to look at the picture and describe the ecological niche of one the organisms. Plants: Provide oxygen and are the producers in this ecosystem

Activity! Each table needs to look at the picture and describe the ecological niche of one the organisms. Butterfly: Pollinates plants and is a food source for birds

Activity! Each table needs to look at the picture and describe the ecological niche of one the organisms. Butterfly: Pollinates plants and is a food source for birds

Activity! Each table needs to look at the picture and describe the ecological niche of one the organisms. Crayfish: Eats dead material and recycles nutrients + food source for fish.

Activity! Each table needs to look at the picture and describe the ecological niche of one the organisms. Predatory Bird: Keeps populations of fish in check.

Activity! Each table needs to look at the picture and describe the ecological niche of one the organisms. Trees: Hold soil together, food source, habitat for birds and other.

Activity! Each table needs to look at the picture and describe the ecological niche of one the organisms. Fish: Keep insect populations in check, food source for larger fish.

Activity! Each table needs to look at the picture and describe the ecological niche of one the organisms. Insects: Break down waste, food source, pollinate.

Activity! Each table needs to look at the picture and describe the ecological niche of one the organisms. Clam: Filters water, creates habitat, food source.

Area of Focus: Competition. Area of Focus: Competition.

What is competition?

Competition: The interaction between organisms or species, in which the fitness of one is lowered by the presence of another. Competition: The interaction between organisms or species, in which the fitness of one is lowered by the presence of another.

Four types of competition Four types of competition

Interspecific competition: Over resources between different species. Interspecific competition: Over resources between different species.

Intraspecific competition: The same species compete for resources. Intraspecific competition: The same species compete for resources.

Interference competition: fighting / disrupting. Interference competition: fighting / disrupting.

Birds will often chase other birds away from habitat.

Fish will also protect their territory and chase away other fish.

Exploitative: Share resources. Exploitative: Share resources.

In a pack of wolves, there is a strict hierarchy of who feeds first.

–First the alpha male or female will eat.

In a pack of wolves, there is a strict hierarchy of who feeds first. –First the alpha male or female will eat. –Then the other wolves of the group.

In a pack of wolves, there is a strict hierarchy of who feeds first. –First the alpha male or female will eat. –Then the other wolves of the group. –Each wolf has to respect its position in ranking, if not they will be corrected by the wolves that are higher in ranking.

Activity Quiz! bonus Name the type of competition. Interspecific, Intraspecific, Interference, ExploitativeInterspecific, Intraspecific, Interference, Exploitative

9

10

*11 Bonus Which pro wrestler am I?

I cant stand these Quiz Wiz things!

Answers to Quiz – Types of competition.

Intraspecific competition: The same species compete for resources.

Intraspecific

Interference competition: fighting / disrupting.

Exploitative: Sharing resources.

Interspecific competition: Over resources between different species.

9

Interference competition: fighting / disrupting. 9 Interference competition: fighting / disrupting.

10

Interspecific competition: Over resources between different species. 10 Interspecific competition: Over resources between different species.

*11 Bonus Which pro wrestler am I?

I cant stand these Quiz Wiz things!

Continued Focus – Animal Interactions.

Most animal interactions are… Most animal interactions are… Competing for the same food supply. Competing for the same food supply. Eating (predation). Eating (predation). Avoid being eaten (avoiding predation). Avoid being eaten (avoiding predation).

Most animal interactions are… Most animal interactions are… Competing for the same food supply. Competing for the same food supply. Eating (predation). Eating (predation). Avoid being eaten (avoiding predation). Avoid being eaten (avoiding predation).

Most animal interactions are… Most animal interactions are… Competing for the same food supply. Competing for the same food supply. Eating (predation). Eating (predation). Avoid being eaten (avoiding predation). Avoid being eaten (avoiding predation).

Most animal interactions are… Most animal interactions are… Competing for the same food supply. Competing for the same food supply. Eating (predation). Eating (predation). Avoid being eaten (avoiding predation). Avoid being eaten (avoiding predation).

Food Webs – Who eats whom.

Food Web: A complex network of many interconnected food chains and feeding interactions. Food Web: A complex network of many interconnected food chains and feeding interactions.

Question! What happened to the food web when critical species were removed?

Answer: The food web fell apart. So did the health of the ecosystem.

Predator: An organism that lives by preying on other organisms. Predator: An organism that lives by preying on other organisms.

Prey: An animal hunted for food. Prey: An animal hunted for food.

Which letter below represents the predator, and which represents the prey?

Review!Review! –Habitat: The area or environment where an organism or ecological community normally lives.

Habitat includes space, take advantage of safe places to rest such as burrows. Take advantage of the food that a habitat has to offer.

Habitat includes space, take advantage of safe places to rest such as burrows. Take advantage of the food that a habitat has to offer.

Make caches of food. Storing food for later. –Dont forget where they are.

Typical Predator and Prey population graph. Typical Predator and Prey population graph. *

Any Predictions?

Typical Predator and Prey population graph. Typical Predator and Prey population graph.

Please make some inferences about this graph. –Why do the populations rise and fall as they do?

Answer! As prey rise,

Answer! As prey rise, predator rise just behind them.

Answer! As prey rise, predator rise just behind them. As they rise they overpopulate and many prey get eaten.

Answer! As prey rise, predator rise just behind them. As they rise they overpopulate and many prey get eaten. The predators then die until the prey repopulate.

Answer! As prey rise, predator rise just behind them. As they rise they overpopulate and many prey get eaten. The predators then die until the prey repopulate. The cycle repeats.

Predator Prey Simulator (Optional) – abbitsAndWolves/ abbitsAndWolves/

Video Link (Optional) Predators and Prey –