RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded in your science journal.

Please use this red line

-Please make notes legible and use indentations when appropriate. Please use this red line

- Please make notes legible and use indentations when appropriate. Please use this red line

-Please make notes legible and use indentations when appropriate. -Example of indent.

-Please make notes legible and use indentations when appropriate. -Example of indent. -Skip a line between topics

-Please make notes legible and use indentations when appropriate. -Example of indent. -Skip a line between topics -Dont skip pages

-Please make notes legible and use indentations when appropriate. -Example of indent. -Skip a line between topics -Dont skip pages -Make visuals clear and well drawn.

-Please make notes legible and use indentations when appropriate. -Example of indent. -Skip a line between topics -Dont skip pages -Make visuals clear and well drawn. Please Label Phosphate Backbone Double Helix Nitrogen Base

RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded in your science journal. BLACK SLIDE: Pay attention, follow directions, complete projects as described and answer required questions neatly.

Keep an eye out for The-Owl and raise your hand as soon as you see him. –He will be hiding somewhere in the slideshow

Keep an eye out for The-Owl and raise your hand as soon as you see him. –He will be hiding somewhere in the slideshow Hoot, Hoot Good Luck!

Overview of topics in Part I –DNA Extraction from split pea –Discovery of DNA –DNAs Structure –Nucleotides –Building a DNA model –DNA replication –Cell Division –Chromosomes –Phases of Mitosis

Overview of topics in Part I –DNA Extraction from kiwi fruit (if time allows) –Discovery of DNA –DNAs Structure –Nucleotides –Building a DNA model –DNA replication –Cell Division –Chromosomes –Phases of Mitosis

Overview of topics in Part I –DNA Extraction from split pea –Discovery of DNA –DNAs Structure –Nucleotides –Building a DNA model –DNA replication –Cell Division –Chromosomes –Phases of Mitosis

Overview of topics in Part I –DNA Extraction from split pea –Discovery of DNA –DNAs Structure –Nucleotides –Building a DNA model –DNA replication –Cell Division –Chromosomes –Phases of Mitosis

Overview of topics in Part I –DNA Extraction from split pea –Discovery of DNA –DNAs Structure –Nucleotides –Building a DNA model –DNA replication –Cell Division –Chromosomes –Phases of Mitosis

Overview of topics in Part I –DNA Extraction from split pea –Discovery of DNA –DNAs Structure –Nucleotides –Building a DNA model –DNA replication –Cell Division –Chromosomes –Phases of Mitosis

Overview of topics in Part I –DNA Extraction from split pea –Discovery of DNA –DNAs Structure –Nucleotides –Building a DNA model –DNA replication –Cell Division –Chromosomes –Phases of Mitosis

Overview of topics in Part I –DNA Extraction from split pea –Discovery of DNA –DNAs Structure –Nucleotides –Building a DNA model –DNA replication –Cell Division –Chromosomes –Phases of Mitosis

Overview of topics in Part I –DNA Extraction from split pea –Discovery of DNA –DNAs Structure –Nucleotides –Building a DNA model –DNA replication –Cell Division –Chromosomes –Phases of Mitosis

Overview of topics in Part I –DNA Extraction from split pea –Discovery of DNA –DNAs Structure –Nucleotides –Building a DNA model –DNA replication –Cell Division –Chromosomes –Phases of Mitosis

Overview of topics in Part I –DNA Extraction from split pea –Discovery of DNA –DNAs Structure –Nucleotides –Building a DNA model –DNA replication –Cell Division –Chromosomes –Phases of Mitosis

Overview of topics in this unit –DNA Extraction from split pea –Discovery of DNA –DNAs Structure –Nucleotides –Building a DNA model –DNA replication –Cell Division –Chromosomes –Phases of Mitosis

Overview of topics in Part I –DNA Extraction from split pea –Discovery of DNA –DNAs Structure –Nucleotides –Building a DNA model –DNA replication –Cell Division –Chromosomes –Phases of Mitosis

Overview of topics in Part I –DNA Extraction from split pea –Discovery of DNA –DNAs Structure –Nucleotides –Building a DNA model –DNA replication –Cell Division –Chromosomes –Phases of Mitosis

Overview of topics in Part I –DNA Extraction from split pea –Discovery of DNA –DNAs Structure –Nucleotides –Building a DNA model –DNA replication –Cell Division –Chromosomes –Phases of Mitosis

Overview of topics in Part I –DNA Extraction from split pea –Discovery of DNA –DNAs Structure –Nucleotides –Building a DNA model –DNA replication –Cell Division –Chromosomes –Phases of Mitosis

Overview of topics in Part I –DNA Extraction from split pea –Discovery of DNA –DNAs Structure –Nucleotides –Building a DNA model –DNA replication –Cell Division –Chromosomes –Phases of Mitosis

Overview of topics in Part I –DNA Extraction from split pea –Discovery of DNA –DNAs Structure –Nucleotides –Building a DNA model –DNA replication –Cell Division –Chromosomes –Phases of Mitosis

How old are you? ?

Answer: Billions of years old. This Product Belongs to Ryan P. Murphy Copyright 2010

Answer: Billions of years old. –How? This Product Belongs to Ryan P. Murphy Copyright 2010

The back story of our lives are that we are the product of billions of years of evolution.

The back story of our lives are that we are the product of billions of years of evolution. The very DNA that allows us to pass on our genetic information to our offspring has its roots in primitive microbes that existed billions of years ago.

DNA DNA

DNA: Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid. DNA: Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid.

Shape is called double helix. Shape is called double helix.

DNA is a polymer (Long molecule). DNA is a polymer (Long molecule).

How long is the DNA chain inside of a cell? –Take your best guess.

Answer: The DNA in cells can hold lots of information and are very long. –Each cell has about 1.8 meters (6 feet) of DNA. 6 Feet of DNA

Answer: The DNA in cells can hold lots of information and are very long. –Each cell has about 1.8 meters (6 feet) of DNA. 6 Feet of DNA

Video! DNA wrapping. Shows how 6 feet of DNA can be found in a single cell. – eTf8http:// eTf8

The units of DNA are called nucleotides. The units of DNA are called nucleotides.

DNA has the information for our cells to make proteins. DNA has the information for our cells to make proteins.

DNA through transcription makes mRNA. DNA through transcription makes mRNA. mRNA = Messenger RNA. mRNA = Messenger RNA.

mRNA through translation makes proteins mRNA through translation makes proteins

This is a dictionary of the genetic code.

Video of Protein Synthesis

mRNA through translation makes proteins with the help of ribosomes. mRNA through translation makes proteins with the help of ribosomes.

Interesting note: If there were only 20 base pairs to be placed in any order, can you guess how many possibilities there would be for making proteins? Interesting note: If there were only 20 base pairs to be placed in any order, can you guess how many possibilities there would be for making proteins? or 1 x possible combinations or 1 x possible combinations

*** Note *** A typical human cell contains round 30,000 genes

Erwin Chargaff, American chemist, discovered the key facts necessary to determine the basic chemical structure of DNA. –One of the most important biological discoveries in the last 100 years.

Erwin Chargaff analyzed the amount of adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine in DNA of various species (1950). –One of the most important biological discoveries in the last

Chargaff warned that the technology of genetic engineering poses a greater threat to the world than the advent of nuclear technology. An irreversible attack on the biosphere is something so unheard of, so unthinkable to previous generations, that I only wish that mine had not been guilty of it. After Watson, Crick, and Wilkins received the Nobel prize in 1962, Chargaff withdrew from his lab and worked

Watson and Crick (1953) Discovered structure of DNA. –One of the most important biological discoveries in the last 100 years.

Watson and Crick (1953) Discovered structure of DNA. –One of the most important biological discoveries in the last 100 years.

Rosalind Franklin? Who is she?

She took X-Ray pictures of DNAs structure and lectured about phosphate being a part of the outside of the molecule.

– Watson attended her lecture.

Watson and Crick used her photograph and lectures to create a failed model of the helix that she proposed.

–Maurice Wilkins who was working with Rosalind Franklin showed Watson her results.

In 1962,

In 1962, Watson,

In 1962, Watson, Crick,

In 1962, Watson, Crick, and Wilkins won the Nobel Prize for physiology/medicine.

In 1962, Watson, Crick, and Wilkins won the Nobel Prize for physiology/medicine. Franklin had died of Ovarian Cancer.

In 1962, Watson, Crick, and Wilkins won the Nobel Prize for physiology/medicine, Franklin had died of Ovarian Cancer. –The cancer that killed her may have been caused by working with X-Rays.

In 1962, Watson, Crick, and Wilkins won the Nobel Prize for physiology/medicine, Franklin had died of Ovarian Cancer. –The cancer that killed her may have been caused by working with X-Rays. –The Nobel Prize only goes to living recipients, and can only be shared among three winners.

Who thinks we should give an honorary Nobel Prize to Rosalind Franklin?

–Lets give a short round of applause to Rosalind Franklin. –Our Lady of DNA

You can now do this question for homework, when I pass it out tomorrow.

Activity! Draw DNA in Detail.

A AA G T C T T

Each unit called a nucleotide of DNA consists of 3 parts. Each unit called a nucleotide of DNA consists of 3 parts

A AA G T C T T Nucleotide

Phosphate backbone Phosphate backbone

A AA G T C T T Phosphate Backbone

A 5-carbon sugar (deoxyribose) A 5-carbon sugar (deoxyribose)

A AA G T C T T Ribose Sugar

A nitrogen base attached to the sugar A nitrogen base attached to the sugar

A AA G T C T T Nitrogen Base

There are four different types of nucleotides found in DNA There are four different types of nucleotides found in DNA A is for adenine A is for adenine G is for guanine G is for guanine C is for cytosine C is for cytosine T is for thymine T is for thymine

There are four different types of nucleotides found in DNA There are four different types of nucleotides found in DNA A is for adenine A is for adenine G is for guanine G is for guanine C is for cytosine C is for cytosine T is for thymine T is for thymine

There are four different types of nucleotides found in DNA There are four different types of nucleotides found in DNA A is for adenine A is for adenine G is for guanine G is for guanine C is for cytosine C is for cytosine T is for thymine T is for thymine

There are four different types of nucleotides found in DNA There are four different types of nucleotides found in DNA A is for adenine A is for adenine G is for guanine G is for guanine C is for cytosine C is for cytosine T is for thymine T is for thymine

There are four different types of nucleotides found in DNA There are four different types of nucleotides found in DNA A is for adenine A is for adenine G is for guanine G is for guanine C is for cytosine C is for cytosine T is for thymine T is for thymine

A AA G T C T T

A AA G T C T T Nucleotide

A AA G T C T T Phosphate Backbone

A AA G T C T T Ribose Sugar

A AA G T C T T Nitrogen Base

A goes with T A goes with T C goes with G C goes with G WRONG! T – C or G - A WRONG! T – C or G - A You should know the correct base compositions of DNA nucleotides according to Chargaffs Rule

A goes with T A goes with T C goes with G C goes with G WRONG! T – C or G - A WRONG! T – C or G - A You should know the correct base compositions of DNA nucleotides according to Chargaffs Rule

A goes with T A goes with T C goes with G C goes with G WRONG! T – C or G - A WRONG! T – C or G - A You should know the correct base compositions of DNA nucleotides according to Chargaffs Rule

A goes with T A goes with T C goes with G C goes with G WRONG! T – C or G - A WRONG! T – C or G - A You should know the correct base compositions of DNA nucleotides according to Chargaffs Rule

Activity! Which of the base pairs below is incorrect. Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Adenine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine

Answers! Which of the base pairs below is incorrect. Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Adenine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Same challenge next slide

Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Adenine – Adenine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine

Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Adenine – Adenine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine

The almost final challenge on next slide, find the incorrect base pairing.

Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Thymine - Cytosine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine – Adenine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine – Adenine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Guanine – Cytosine

Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Thymine - Cytosine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine – Adenine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine – Adenine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Guanine – Cytosine

Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Thymine - Cytosine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine – Adenine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine – Adenine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Guanine – Cytosine

Final challenge on next slide, find the incorrect base pairing.

Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Thymine - Adeninie Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine – Adenine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine – Adenine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Thymine - Adeninie Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine

Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Thymine - Adeninie Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine – Adenine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine – Adenine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Thymine - Adeninie Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine

Try and figure out the picture under the boxes. –Raise your hand when you think you know. –You only get one guess.

Remember me. Im Rosalind Franklin and I took X-ray pictures of DNA.

Activity! What is the mystery animal in the box below? G - ___ T - ___ A - ___

Answer! What is the mystery animal in the box below? G - __ T - __ A - __ CATGAA!

Activity! Name a movie starring Ethan Hawke, Uma Thurman, and Jude Law. C - ____ T - ____ A - ____ T -____ G -____ T - ____

Activity! Name an awesome movie starring Ethan Hawke, Uma Thurman, and Jude Law. C - _G___ T -_A___ A - _T___ A -_T__ T -_A__ G -_C__ T - _A___

Activity! What is best game to play in the whole wide world? A - ___ T - ___ C - ___

Answer! What is best game to play in the whole wide world? A - _T__ T - _A__ C - _G__

Activity! (Optional) – DNA Tag. –One person is it. They safely chase people around the zone. If youre about to get tagged, all you have to do is say any nucleotide and you are safe until they come back to tag you again where you must say a new base. The it cant hover. If you get tagged, your it. Cytosine

Activity! (Optional) Adenine – Thymine –This game requires one person to be blind folded. Everyone else moves away and freezes. When they say Adenine you must respond with Thymine. When you get found you are out. This sounds like a rip-off of Marco Polo!

Activity! (Optional) Cytosine – Guanine –This game requires one person to be blind folded. Everyone else moves away and freezes. When they say Cytosine you must respond with Guanine. When you get found you are out. That is the same game as before. Good Grief!

Activity! How fast can you read the left half of the genetic code below? –Saying the base pairs represented by their letter. A –- G –- T - C - A –- G –- T - A -- C – A – G –

Activity! How fast can you read the left half of the genetic code below? –Saying the base pairs represented by their letter. Adenine –- Guanine –- Thymine - Cytosine - Adenine–- Guanine –- Thymine - Adenine -- Cytosine – Adenine – Guanine –

Activity! How fast can you read the corresponding base pairs absent on the right half of the genetic code below? –Saying the base pairs represented by their letter. A –- G –- T - C - A –- G –- T - A -- C – A – G –

Activity! How fast can you read the corresponding base pairs absent on the right half of the genetic code below? –Saying the base pairs represented by their letter. A –- Thymine G –- Cytosine T - Adenine C - Guanine A –- Thymine G –- Cytosine T - Adenine A -- Thymine C – Guanine A – Thymine G – Cytosine

Activity! How fast can you read the corresponding base pairs absent on the right half of the genetic code below? –Saying the base pairs represented by their letter. Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Cytosine - Guanine Adenine –- Thymine Guanine –- Cytosine Thymine - Adenine Adenine -- Thymine Cytosine – Guanine Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine

Purines are the larger of the two types of bases found in DNA.

Pyrimidine Bases are the smaller bases found in DNA.

Which one of the two nitrogen base pairs is Purine?

Answer! Guanine is Purine, Thymine is a Pyrimidine

Which one of the two nitrogen base pairs is Pyridimine

Answer! Thymine is the Pyridimine and Guanine is the Purine (These two dont pair)

A big base (Purine) goes with a little base (Pyrimidine). A-T / C-G

Which is the Purine, and which is the Pyrimidine?

Purines (Bigger)

Purines (Bigger) Pyrimidines (Smaller)

Which is the Purine, and which is the Pyrimidine?

Pyrimidine

Pyrimidine Purine

Can you point to a Purine on the twisting double helix below?

What are differences between DNA and RNA?

RNA RNA - Single strand - Single strand - Uracil replaces Thymine - Uracil replaces Thymine

RNA RNA - Single strand - Single strand - Uracil replaces Thymine - Uracil replaces Thymine

RNA RNA - Single strand. - Single strand. - Uracil replaces Thymine. - Uracil replaces Thymine.

End of Lecture But I dont want you to stop lecturing!!!