1 Introduce Linux Speaker: Yi-Ji Jheng Date:

Outline  Introduce Linux  Install Linux on Vmware  Common software  Linux commands and Practice 2

INTRODUCE LINUX 3

History  Linus Torvalds make a Minix (Mini Unix) kernel Just only row of codes for C  Richard Stallman bring up GNU plan Open source Free Unix-like  GNU/Linux  Linux Kernel + many modules 4

Use  Server MySql + PHP + Apache  Embedded system STB (Set Top Box)  Super Computer 75% (Top 500 on the world)  Game Sony PlayStation 3 Microsoft XBOX 5

Linux Kernel  Linux Kernel version format Linux-a.b.c  a  kernel version  b  odd : test  even : stable  c  number of bug fix  Common, Linux-2.4.x and Linux-2.6.x 6

Linux distribution  Redhat 9  Linux-2.4.x  Fedora 1  Linux-2.4.x  Fedora 2~  Linux-2.6.x  Debian  more app. (15940)  Trustix  more safe and stable  Knoppix  LiveCD 7

Other  It’s not must on Linux, because Source code can change  Find Linux distribution or modules 義守大學檔案伺服器  Good Web Site 鳥哥的 Linux 私房菜 8

INSTALL LINUX ON VMWARE 9

Vmware  Use software (VMware ESX Server) to“virtualize”the hardware resources  Including the CPU, RAM, hard disk and network controller  To create a virtual machine that can run its own operating system and applications just like a “real” computer 10

Install Linux 11

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 Mainly, press the “Next” forever  We’ll point out options that need to setup below 24

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 Because it’ll be “Host Linux”, we only select below Development Tools Editors 29

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 setup all sevice close, only network and sshd 34

COMMON SOFTWARE 35

Pietty  Use SSH ( Secure Shell ) protocol Allows data to be exchanged over a secure channel between two computers  Why use it? Convenient for In/Out Vmware console Good copy way  36

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Winscp  Support SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol) SCP (Secure Copy Protocol) FTP (File Transfer Protocol)  Good way to transmission data between Windows and Linux  39

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LINUX COMMANDS AND PRACTICE 42

Linux Command Format  Command [–options] [param1] [param2] … Short option use “-” Long option use “--”  Ex. dmesg gcc –v gcc ––help cp file1 file2 43

File management  ls  list ls –al  chmod  change authority -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 20 Sep 25 12: log 44 d : directory l : soft-link - : file c : char device b : block device owner group other r w x Ex. Chmod 755 file -rwxr-xr-x

 rmdir  remove directory  mkdir  make directory  cp  copy cp from to  mv  move or rename Move from to  cd  change directory cd cd – cd.. 45

 find -name  find file find –name  grep  find string dmesg | grep CPU  cat  print to stdout  file  print file info.  touch  change file’s timestamp  make a file 46

 rm  remove rm –rf  man  command manual  tar  uncompress or compress tar zxvf file.tar.gz tar zcvf backup.tar.gz /root tar jxvf file.tar.bz2  ln  soft-link ln –s 47

Network  route  setup or print route rule  ping ping -c 4  ifconfig  setup or print network Ifconfig eth0 xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx 48

System  reboot shutdown –r  shutdown shutdown -h now  ps  print process ps aux  kill  terminate process kill killall 49

 uname  show system info. uname –r uname –a  Free  memory allocate state  sync  store memory buf. to disk 50

Vi Editor  vi filename 51

Visual Mode  yy  copy a row  p  paste a row  dd  delete a row 52

Insert Mode  Input what you want 53

Command Mode  :wq  save file and quit  :q!  un-save and quit  :100  jump to 100 th row  /  find [key] in this file  press “n” to “Next” 54

Tips  Tab Command complement File complement  Up/Down Record command history  ` ` First to do Ex. ifconfig `cat net.conf`  net.conf  eth0 x.x.x.x 55

First program - Hello World ~!  touch test.c  vi test.c Main (normal vs prototype)  gcc test.c –o test file test ldd test strip test gcc ––static test.c –o test 56