Ions. Ions atoms of a given element that differ in the number of electrons, …and consequently in overall charge.

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Presentation transcript:

Ions

Ions atoms of a given element that differ in the number of electrons, …and consequently in overall charge.

Ions periodic patterns regarding ions

Ions metal ions vs.nonmetal ions

Working with Atomic Notation A Z X # Chemical Symbol Ionic Charge or “Oxidation Number”

Working with Atomic Notation Cl -1

Working with Ionic Notation Cl - 1

Working with Atomic Notation Na +1

Working with Ionic Notation Na +1

Ions Anion –Negatively charged ion. Cation –Positively charged ion.

6C Carbon # of p + # of n o # of e - # of p + # of n o # of e - neutral Carbonionic Carbon

# of p + # of n o # of e - # of p + # of n o # of e - neutral Lithiumionic Lithium 3Li Lithium 6.941

# of p + # of n o # of e - # of p + # of n o # of e - Chlorine Chlorine…the neutral atom Chlorine Chlorine…the ion 17Cl Chlorine

11Na Sodium # of p + # of n o # of e - # of p + # of n o # of e - Sodium Sodium…the neutral atom Sodium Sodium…the ion

Octet Rule The octet rule says that atoms tend to gain, lose or share electrons so as to have eight electrons in their outer electron shell.

Transition Metal Ions Transition Metal Ions are different than other metal ions. 1) There are no predictable patterns that can be used to determine their ionic charges Yes, they are all positive but… 2) A good number of transition metal elements possess an ability to have more than one positive ion.

1) There are no predictable patterns that can be used to determine their ionic charges

Fe +2 Mn +7 Co +2

1) There are no predictable patterns that can be used to determine their ionic charges Ag +1 Cu +2

2) A good number of transition metal elements possess an ability to have more than one positive ion. Fe +3 Fe +2

2) A good number of transition metal elements possess an ability to have more than one positive ion. Al +3

2) A good number of transition metal elements possess an ability to have more than one positive ion. Mn +3 Mn +2 Mn +4 Mn +5 Mn +7

Working with Ions (practice) atomic (ionic) notation # of p + # of e - # of n o Ca o Ca +2 N o N -3

Working with more Ions (practice) name atomic (ionic) notation # of p + # of e - # of n o the ion of magnesium the ion of oxygen the ion of fluorine the ion of lithium

Review problem Draw the following ions and (neutral) atoms using the Octet Rule/Model of the atom. (Valence Shell Only) a) Ne o b) Mg +2 c) Na +1 d) N -3

Working with Ions (more practice) atomic (ionic) notation # of p + # of e - # of n o K o K +1 I o I -1

Naming Ions Predictable Metal Ions, Unpredictable Transition Metal Ions, and Nonmetal Ions are named differently

Naming Ions Nonmetal IonsMetal Ions Non Transition Metal Ions Transition Metal Ions

metal ions vs.nonmetal ions Naming Ions keep the atoms elemental name …add the word ion keep the atoms elemental root …drop the ending …add the suffix –ide. (using the word ion is redundant and not acceptable when naming nonmetal ions)

The Stock System Naming Transition Metal Ions -Use the complete elemental name (as expected). -Use roman numerals to designate the ionic charge or oxidation number of the transition metal ion. -Use the word ion to designate its ionic nature.

Transition Metal Ions Cu +2 ____________ Mn +5 ____________ Mn +7 ____________ Fe +2 ____________ Fe +3 ____________ Cu +1 ____________

Naming Review Mg +2 ____________ Ni +2 ____________ Li +1 ____________ He _____________ F -1 _____________ O -2 _____________