Do Now: Fill in the table below 0 Outside of nucleus (electron cloud) Electron 10 In nucleus Neutron 1+1 In nucleus Proton MASS (amu) RELATIVE CHARGE LOCATION (in the atom) SUBATOMIC PARTICLE

Chemistry9/17/13Mrs. Turgeon “Great minds discuss ideas; average minds discuss events; small minds discuss people.” – Eleanor Roosevelt “Great minds discuss ideas; average minds discuss events; small minds discuss people.” – Eleanor Roosevelt DO NOW: In your notes, write down everything you know about an atom DO NOW: In your notes, write down everything you know about an atom

Chemistry 9/18/13 Mrs. Turgeon “Do what others won’t to achieve what others don’t” – anonymous DO NOW: In your notes, answer: “What does the atomic number of an element represent?”

Honors Chemistry 9/18/13 AGENDA 1. Finish POGIL worksheet (15 minutes) 2. Check-in with the class (spokespersons be ready to share your group’s answers) 3. Start Isotopes POGIL YOUR REVIEW OF LIT FOR SCIENCE FAIR IS DUE NEXT WEDNESDAY!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Interpretation of a Chemical Formula Sulfuric Acid H 2 SO 4 Two atoms of hydrogen One atom of sulfur of sulfur Four atoms of oxygen of oxygen H H O S O O O

Models of the Atom Dalton’s model (1803) Thomson’s plum-pudding model (1897) Rutherford’s model (1909) Bohr’s model (1913) Charge-cloud model (present) Dorin, Demmin, Gabel, Chemistry The Study of Matter, 3 rd Edition, 1990, page 125 Democritus’s model (400 B.C.) John Dalton pictures atoms as tiny, indestructible particles, with no internal structure J.J. Thomson, a British scientist, discovers the electron, leading to his "plum-pudding" model. He pictures electrons embedded in a sphere of positive electric charge Hantaro Nagaoka, a Japanese physicist, suggests that an atom has a central nucleus. Electrons move in orbits like the rings around Saturn New Zealander Ernest Rutherford states that an atom has a dense, positively charged nucleus. Electrons move randomly in the space around the nucleus In Niels Bohr's model, the electrons move in spherical orbits at fixed distances from the nucleus Frenchman Louis de Broglie proposes that moving particles like electrons have some properties of waves. Within a few years evidence is collected to support his idea Erwin Schrodinger develops mathematical equations to describe the motion of electrons in atoms. His work leads to the electron cloud model James Chadwick, a British physicist, confirms the existence of neutrons, which have no charge. Atomic nuclei contain neutrons and positively charged protons e e e e ee e e e e

Chemistry 9/20/13 Mrs. Turgeon DO NOW: 1.In your notes: “What does the mass number in the Isotopic chemical Symbol represent?”

Chemistry 9/20/13 Mrs. Turgeon Agenda 1. Review Isoptopes 2. Review Atom POGIL 3. Review Beanium Lab

Isotopes Atoms of the same element with different mass numbers Atoms of the same element with different mass numbers (because they have different #’s of neutrons) Mass # Atomic # Atomic symbol: Atomic symbol: Hyphen notation: Boron-11 Hyphen notation: Boron-11

Fill in the blanks below… = proton = neutron (no electrons shown) = proton = neutron (no electrons shown) # of # of atomic mass Protons neutronsnumbernumber symbol A B B5B B5B

Isotopes - practice Chlorine-37 Chlorine-37 atomic #: atomic #: mass #: mass #: # of protons: # of protons: # of electrons: # of electrons: # of neutrons: # of neutrons: Courtesy Christy Johannesson

Isotope Worksheet Diagram# Protons# NeutronsElementSymbol 22 Helium 33 Lithium 43 Beryllium

Isotope Worksheet Diagram# Protons# NeutronsElementSymbol 45 Beryllium 67 Carbon 78 Nitrogen

Isotope Worksheet Diagram# Protons# NeutronsElementSymbol 87Oxygen 9. Which two nuclei are isotopes of each other? Same element, different mass numbers

Beanium Lab The 3 Isotopes of Beanium represent the SAME ELEMENT. They are exactly the same except for the number of neutrons! Let’s compare our model (Beans) to a real element (Carbon)

Carbon-12 and Carbon Nucleus Electrons Carbon-12 Neutrons 6 Protons 6 Electrons Carbon-14 Neutrons 8 Protons 6 Electrons6 Nucleus Electrons

Atomic # Mass # Carbon-12 Atomic # Mass # Carbon-14

Beanium Lab Let’s do the last problem together. Let’s do the last problem together. Who wants to share their data? Who wants to share their data?

IONS Ions are atoms that have lost or gained electrons. Ions are atoms that have lost or gained electrons. An atom that loses an electron becomes a positive ion (CATION) An atom that loses an electron becomes a positive ion (CATION) An atom that gains an electron becomes a negative ion (ANION) An atom that gains an electron becomes a negative ion (ANION)

EXAMPLES OF IONS 1. A magnesium atom loses two e - and becomes… 2. A chlorine atom loses two e - and becomes… 3. When these two ions bond, what compound is formed?  Magnesium chloride, MgCl 2 (more on this next chapter!) Mg 2+ (a cation) Cl 1- (an anion)

Practice Ions Chart… Ion SymbolProtonsElectronsCharge S K Ba Fe Fe F O P

HOMEWORK – Read 4-10 & 4-11 Read 4-10 & 4-11 #’s 65-73,80-83 #’s 65-73,80-83 Study for a possible element quiz next week! Study for a possible element quiz next week!