INTRODUCTION TO VARANS AND HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT VIETNAM AGENCY FOR RADIATION AND NUCLEAR SAFETY INTRODUCTION TO VARANS AND HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT It is my pleasure today to discuss with you of the challenge that VARANS and its TSO are facing in order to prepare for the introduction of nuclear power plants into Viet Nam. Vienna, December 2012

CONTENT I. Overview of NPP Program in Vietnam II. Status of Legislation for Safe & Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy III. VARANS and Its Technical Expertise IV. VARANS’ Human Resource Development

CONTENT I. Overview of NPP Program in Vietnam II. Status of Legislation for Safe & Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy III. VARANS and Its Technical Expertise IV. VARANS’ Human Resource Development

NPP Master Plan and 1st NPP Project I. Overview of NPP Program in Vietnam NPP Master Plan and 1st NPP Project PM Decisions on Approval of Direction for NPP Development Plan up to 2030 (Decision #906) and on Approval of Master Plan for Peaceful Utilization of Atomic Energy up to 2020 (Decision #957) Development direction of NPPs: 2020: 1st Unit with capacity of 1,000 MW 2025: NPPs total capacity of 8,000 MW (7% total capacity) 2030: NPPs total capacity of 10,700 MW (10.1% total capacity) All NPPs will be located in Central Provinces: Ninh Thuan, Binh Dinh, Phu Yen, Ha Tinh and Quang Ngai. This is the roadmap for our first NPP. As I said before, the Milestone 1 has been reached in September 2009. It is expected that the bidding process (Milestone 2) will start around 2013-2014 and if every thing is going smoothly, the commissioning of the first NPP (Milestone 3) will be in 2020-2021 4

Electric grid to support planned new builds I. Overview of NPP Program in Vietnam Electric grid to support planned new builds Electric grid of 550KV Voltage from the North to the South of Vietnam with the total length of 1488 km (from Hoa Binh Province to Ho Chi Minh City) This is the roadmap for our first NPP. As I said before, the Milestone 1 has been reached in September 2009. It is expected that the bidding process (Milestone 2) will start around 2013-2014 and if every thing is going smoothly, the commissioning of the first NPP (Milestone 3) will be in 2020-2021 5

I. Overview of NPP Program in Vietnam Siting for 2 first NPPs Vinh Hai Phuoc Dinh Capacity: 2 x 1000 MW Counterpart: Japan It is proposed that the NPP will be in 2 sites: Vinh Hai and Phuoc Dinh, Ninh Thuan Province. The first nuclear power plant will consist of 2 units of 1000 MW each and is expected to be constructed in 2014 and in operation by 2020 while the second NPP with a capacity of 2000 MW, also 2 units will be decided later. Capacity: 2 x 1000 MW Construction start: 2014 Commercial operation: 2020 Counterpart: ROSATOM (Russia) Technology: VVER-1000 Investor: Vietnam Electricity (EVN)

Decision in principle (2009) I. Overview of NPP Program in Vietnam State road-map for the first NPP Phase 1 Decision in principle (2009) Phase 2a Phase 3 Call for bids (2013-2014) Commissioning (2020-2021) Operation Phase 2b Call for bids (2013-2014) Milestone 1 Milestone 2a Milestone 2b Milestone 3 NA Pre-FS Approval (Primary Site Evaluation) Prime Minister Site Approval (Final Site Evaluation) FS Approval MOST Construction Permit MOIT Operation License This is the roadmap for our first NPP. As I said before, the Milestone 1 has been reached in September 2009. It is expected that the bidding process (Milestone 2) will start around 2013-2014 and if every thing is going smoothly, the commissioning of the first NPP (Milestone 3) will be in 2020-2021 VARANS to draft legal documents and organize nuclear safety assessment 7

CONTENT I. Overview of NPP Program in Vietnam II. Status of Legislation for Safe & Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy III. VARANS and Its Technical Expertise IV. VARANS’ Challenges

II. Status of Legislation for Safe & Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy Current status and approach Atomic Energy Law Decree 07, 70; Decisions Circulars; Regulations Standards Directly applied docs Regulatory docs of Russia and Japan IAEA Requirements IAEA Guides Expert Mission Review Meeting

Law on Atomic Energy (2008) Decree No. 7/2010/ND-CP dated Jan 25, 2010 detailing the implementation of some provisions in Atomic Energy Law. No. 111/2009/ND-CP dated Dec 11, 2009 on administrative sanction for non- compliance in nuclear energy field. No. 87/2006/ND-CP regulating the inspection organization and operation of the Ministry of Science and Technology. The Strategy For peaceful uses of atomic energy up to 2020 No. 111/2009ND-CP dated Dec 11, 2009 detailing and guiding a number of articles of the Atomic Energy Law regarding inspection and enforcement No. 70/2010/ND-CP dated Jun 22, 2010 detailing and guiding a number of articles of the Atomic Energy Law regarding Nuclear Power Plant Decision No. 115/2007/QD-TTg dated Jul 23, 2007 on ensuring the security of radioactive sources. No. 146/2007/QD-TTg dated Sep 04, 2007 for the recovery and handling of orphan radioactive sources. No. 446/QD-TTg dated May 7, 2010 on establishment, organization and operation of National Council for Nuclear Safety. No. 580/QD-TTg dated May 4, 2010 on establishment of State Steering Committee for Ninh Thuan NPP Project. No. 45/QD-TTg dated Jun 14, 2010 on Nuclear Control No. 906/QD-TTg dated Jun 17, 2010 on approval of Direction for NPP Development Plan up to 2030. No. 957/QD-TTg dated Jun 24, 2010 on approval of Master Plan for Peaceful Utilization of Atomic Energy up to 2020 No.1558/QĐ-TTg dated18 Aug 2010 on Approval of National Project on Formation and Development of Human Resource for Field of Atomic Energy No.775/QĐ-TTg dated 02 Jun 2010 on Approval of Detailed Plan on Development and Application of Ionizing Radiation in Agriculture up to 2020 No.1636/QĐ-TTg dated 31 Aug 2010 on Approval of Plan on National Network of Environmental Radiation Monitoring and Alert up to 2020 No.2376/QĐ-TTG dated 28. Dec 2010 on Approval of Orientations for Planning Locations for Radioactive Waste Storage, Disposal up to 2030, vision to 2050. No. 93/QĐ-TTg dated 17 Jan 2011 on Promulgating the Regulation on Activity of the State Steering Committee of Ninh Thuan NPP Project No.127/QĐ-TTG dated 20 Jan 2011on Approval of Detailed Plan on Development and Application of Ionizing Radiation in Industry and Techno- economical Branches up to 2020 Joint Circular No. 2237/1999/TTLT- BKHCNMT-BYT dated Dec 28, 1999 guiding the implementation of radiation safety in the public health. No. 17/2007/QD- BKHCN dated Aug 31, 2007 on the issuance of radioactive sources categorization complying with security requirements No. 32 /2007/QD-BKHCN enacting the regulation on examining medical diagnosis X-ray machines. Circular No. 14/2003/TT-BKHCN dated Jul 11, 2003 guiding radiation transportation safety No. 31/2007/TT- BKHCN dated Dec 31, 2007 on working and resting time for radiation workers. No.13/2009/TT- BKHCN dated 20 May 2009 on Guidance for Preliminary Nuclear Safety Assessment for Sitting for Nuclear Power Plants in the Investment Decision Stage No.76/2010/TT-BTC dated 17 May 2010 on Fees and Charges in Field of Atomic Energy No. 08/2010/TT-BKHCN dated 22 Jul 2010 on Guidance of Notification, Licensing and Issuance of Radiation Worker Certificates No. 15/2010/TT- BKHCN dated 14 Sep 2010 on Issuance of National Technical Regulation QCVN 5/2010-BKHCN on Radiation Protection - Exemption from Requirements of Notification and Licensing No.19/2010/TT-BKHCN dated 28 Dec 2010 on Inspection Specializing in Radiation and Nuclear Safety No. 23/2010/TT-BKHCN dated 29 Dec 2010 on Ensuring Security for Radioactive Sources No.24/2010/TT- BKHCN dated 29 Dec 2010 on Issuance of National Technical Regulation QCVN 6/2010-BKHCN on Radiation Protection – Categorization and Classification of Radioactive Sources No.27/2010/TT- BKHCN dated 30 Dec 2010 on Guiding Radiation and Nuclear Metrology and Construction, Management of Network of Radiation Monitoring and Alert

II. Status of Legislation for Safe & Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy Timing Revision of Atomic Energy Law and relevant Laws License authorities; Nuclear liabilities; etc. Approval of policies and national programs (Government Decisions) Regulatory body development; Human resource development; Public acceptance; etc. IAEA legislative assistance mission to VARANS for the amendment of the Atomic Energy Law, 2012 Signing MOC regarding the improvement of national legal system on compensation for nuclear damage with Japan, August 14, 2012

II. Status of Legislation for Safe & Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy Timing Circulars and Technical Regulations (compulsory) Site and FS approval (2013) Construction permit (2014) Operation license (2020) Decommissioning Standards (guides) Directly applied documents (guides)

CONTENT I. Overview of NPP Program in Vietnam II. Status of Legislation for Safe & Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy III. VARANS and Its Technical Expertise IV. VARANS’ Challenges

III. VARANS and Its Technical Expertise State Management System in nuclear energy State Assessment Council National Assembly GOVERNMENT National Nuclear Safety Council NEPIO MD MOST MOIT MOFA MOH MPS MONRE Dept. of Legislation Dept. of Energy Dept. of Int’l Organizations VAPM GDEP VARANS: RB on Safety, Security & Safeguards Ministerial Inspectorate ISTEA DAV This is our State Management system in the nuclear energy field. On the top, we have the National Assembly and then the Government. The Government has 2 advisory bodies, the State Assessment Council and the National Nuclear Safety Council. Involving in the nuclear sector are the Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Industry and Trade, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Health and Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment. VARANS is under the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST). Dept. of Int’l Cooperation EVN VADDT VARANS VDEH VAEA VAPM: Administration of Preventive Medicine DAV: Drug Administration of Vietnam VADDT: Vietnam Agency for Disease Diagnostics and Treatment VDEH: Department of Equipments and Health GDEP: General Department of Environment Protection ISTEA: Industrial Safety Techniques and Environment Agency DOSTs VINATOM

III. VARANS and Its Technical Expertise MOST VARANS 63 DOSTs Division of Administration & Personnel Division of Licensing VARANS Inspectorate Division of Legislation and Information TSC for Radiation Protection andEmergency Response Division of Nuclear Safety Division of Nuclear Safeguards Division of International Cooperation Division of Training These staff are divided into 7 divisions and a Technocal Support Centre for Radiation Protection and Emergency Response. The 7 divisions include: Divisions of Administration and Personnel, Licnesing, International Cooperation, Legislation and Information, Nuclear Safety, Nuclear Safeguards and VARANS Inspectorate. VARANS: established in 2003, is an agency belonged to MOST and assists the Minister of S&T in State management of radiation and nuclear safety (Atomic Energy Law, Article 8); VARANS performs 3 “S” functions

III. VARANS and Its Technical Expertise Human resources This chart shows the evolving staff of VARANS in the past years. Since 2003 to 2005, before I was seconded to VARANS as the Director General, VARANS had only 8 staff, of which half are technical staff. And now as you can see, we have 80 staff, of these we have 11 staff holding PhD degrees, 12 master degrees and the rest are having either engineering or bachelor degrees. October 2012: 90 Staff: 10 Ph. D Degrees, 14 Master Degree, 65 Bachelor and Engineering Degrees 16

Current technical expertise at VARANS III. VARANS and Its Technical Expertise Current technical expertise at VARANS Number of Staff Division of Legislation 6 Division of Nuclear Safeguards 4 VARANS Inspectorate 12 Division of Nuclear Safety 16 Division of Licensing Technical Support Center for Radiation Protection and Emergency Response 17 Total 61 Currently, we have 45 technical staff members working in different Divisions. However, I must say that these people have no experience in nuclear power plants. In the following slides, I will discuss in detail types of expertise that we are having. 17

III. VARANS and Its Technical Expertise Technical Expertise for Radiation Protection a) VARANS established its Technical Support Centre for Radiation Protection and Emergency Response (TSC-VARANS) With 17 staff The TSC-VARANS was invested with approx. $ 1 million (mostly from the Government) to establish a laboratory for low radioactivity TSC-VARANS provided with various trainings in radiation protection and orphan source recovery In order to discharge its regulatory responsiblities in radiation protection, VARANS has established its Technical Support Centre for Radiation Protection and Emergency Response (TSC-VARANS). Currently, the Centre has 13 staff who have been provided with various trainings in radiation safety and orphan source recovery. Up to now, the Centre has been provided with funding of approximately US$ 950.000 (mostly from the Government) to establish its laboratory.

High flow- rate Air Sampler III. VARANS and Its Technical Expertise Technical Expertise for Radiation Protection (cont’) b) Equipment Low background Alpha, Beta counting system Low background gamma spectrometer with HpGe detector These are typical equipment we have at the Centre. RAD 7 High flow- rate Air Sampler Inspector 1000

III. VARANS and Its Technical Expertise Technical Expertise for Radiation Protection (cont’) c) Working with: Division of Licensing in verification of license application for radiation facilities and activities VARANS Inspectorate in inspection on radiation facilities and activities Using this technical expertise unit, VARANS discharges its responsibility in licensing for and inspection of radiation facilities.

III. VARANS and Its Technical Expertise Technical Expertise for Radiation Protection (cont’) d) Emergency Response Radioactive source loss incidents: found the lost source, assessed the contaminated area, decontamination Recovering radioactive sources found under the sea near the coast of Vung Tau, etc., e) Others Evaluating levels of abnormal radioactivity in Lai Chau province to provide recommendations to the local authority Supporting illicit trafficking prevention The Centre has also been mobilized in various emergency response operations, including source loss incidents, orphan source found, evaluating levels of abnormal radioactivity in Lai Chau Province and helping the police to locate and recover radioactive material trafficked across the border of Vietnam and China to be used in gambling.

III. VARANS and Its Technical Expertise Technical Expertise for Nuclear Safety a) VARANS established Division of Nuclear Safety Having 16 staff with various disciplines to provide technical support for regulatory activities in nuclear safety Staff have been trained through: Lectures on reactor technology, nuclear materials … Workshops by US NRC (nuclear safety, introduction to codes and standards,…); Nuclear safety assessment: training on PSA, RiskSpectrum, RELAP5 under the Norwegian Funded Pilot Program; Training courses by IAEA, Japan, Russia Regional training courses (ANSN) etc . In order to have technical expertise in nuclear safety, VARANS has established the Division of Nuclear Safety in expect of the NPP program. The division now has 16 staff with different disciplines. The staff has been provided with training on reactor technology and nuclear safety. We also invited experts from US NRC to give them introduction to various Codes and Standards that are used for nuclear reactors. Regional training organized by ANSN are also the source of training provision. 22

III. VARANS and Its Technical Expertise Technical Expertise for Nuclear Safety (cont’) b) Division of Nuclear Safety Having a library for reactor technology / nuclear safety Provided with Simulation PCTRAN program with IAEA financial support Will be provided with the Computer Codes for calculation in nuclear safety review Considered to be a member of CAMP with the support of USNRC At present, we have already had a funding from the IAEA to buy PCTRAN. The Division will be also provided with WS for calculation for safety verification. I should emphasize here that the Division has its own library with books on reactor technologies and nuclear safety. This is the donation from Dr. Tran Dai Phuc, a prominent nuclear engineer who is a Vietnamese French national. Opening Ceremony of Library for reactor technology and nuclear safety, 14 Jun. 2010 23

III. VARANS and Its Technical Expertise Technical Expertise for Nuclear Safety (cont’) c) Assessment of Da Lat RR SAR for: The license renewal application Partly core conversion HEU-LEU The replacement of I&C system Fully core conversion HEU-LEU d) Nuclear safety assessment for NPP: Reviewing Pre-FS for the first NPP investment project The Division has conducted safety assessment of Dalat reactor SAR for license renewal, Conversion of the reactor core from HEU to LEU fuel and the replacement of its I&C. Recently, the Division has been helping VARANS in reviewing the Pre- FS of the first NPP.

CONTENT I. Overview of NPP Program in Vietnam II. Status of Legislation for Safe & Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy III. VARANS and Its Technical Expertise IV. VARANS’ Human Resource Development

IV. VARANS’ Human Resource Development Current status 90 staff. Average age ~30. Active but limited experienced. Hard duties and functions: Drafting legal documents Assessing and organizing assessment of nuclear safety for NPP; and others. Recommendations from the IAEA’s Integrated Regulatory Review Service (IRRS) conducted in Vietnam in 2009 VARANS should be strengthened without delay its human, financial resources, and technical capability to meet immediate needs for regulating both existing activities and, in particular, for the introduction of nuclear power VARANS should be provided with adequate technical expertise to conduct independent review and assessment, both now and in the future In 2009, we invited the IAEA to conduct IRRS mission. Among others, the most important recommendations from the Mission are: VARANS should be strengthened without delay its human, financial resources, and technical capability to meet immediate needs for regulating both existing activities and, in particular, for the introduction of nuclear power, and VARANS should be provided with adequate technical expertise to conduct independent review and assessment, both now and in the future 26

IV. VARANS’ Human Resource Development Vietnam Policy Decision No. 1558/QD-TTg dated 18 August 2010 on the approval of the Master Planning on “Formation and Development of Human Resources in the field of Atomic Energy” Government commits itself to allocate an adequate budget for human resource development through, mechanisms and policies to attract high qualified specialists, building of infrastructure, laboratories for research, and local and overseas training. In 2009, we invited the IAEA to conduct IRRS mission. Among others, the most important recommendations from the Mission are: VARANS should be strengthened without delay its human, financial resources, and technical capability to meet immediate needs for regulating both existing activities and, in particular, for the introduction of nuclear power, and VARANS should be provided with adequate technical expertise to conduct independent review and assessment, both now and in the future 27

IV. VARANS’ Human Resource Development Training levels Basic trainings for 200 new staff; Specialized training for 80 staff who should participate in working groups under leading of key persons; Advanced training for 20 staff who should be key person for working groups. Training scopes Legal framework; Regulatory activities; Specialized issues; Team working competences. In 2009, we invited the IAEA to conduct IRRS mission. Among others, the most important recommendations from the Mission are: VARANS should be strengthened without delay its human, financial resources, and technical capability to meet immediate needs for regulating both existing activities and, in particular, for the introduction of nuclear power, and VARANS should be provided with adequate technical expertise to conduct independent review and assessment, both now and in the future 28

IV. VARANS’ Human Resource Development For the specialized issues, priority is given on understanding and assessing SAR including such issues as Site evaluation; General design aspects; Reactor system; Coolant and associated systems; Specifications of technical safety; I&C; Power suppliers; etc. (23 issues) In 2009, we invited the IAEA to conduct IRRS mission. Among others, the most important recommendations from the Mission are: VARANS should be strengthened without delay its human, financial resources, and technical capability to meet immediate needs for regulating both existing activities and, in particular, for the introduction of nuclear power, and VARANS should be provided with adequate technical expertise to conduct independent review and assessment, both now and in the future 29

IV. VARANS’ Human Resource Development International cooperation IAEA IAEA Norwegian-funded Extra Budgetary Program, Pilot Program on Strengthening of Nuclear Safety Assessment Competence through the Global Safety Assessment Network 05 Essential Knowledge Trainings, 05 Relap5 Trainings, 03 Risk Spectrum Trainings. TC VIE9013, VIE9014 In 2009, we invited the IAEA to conduct IRRS mission. Among others, the most important recommendations from the Mission are: VARANS should be strengthened without delay its human, financial resources, and technical capability to meet immediate needs for regulating both existing activities and, in particular, for the introduction of nuclear power, and VARANS should be provided with adequate technical expertise to conduct independent review and assessment, both now and in the future 30

IV. VARANS’ Human Resource Development International cooperation JAPAN – JNES Basic Training Courses in 2011 (10 weeks): 16 participants Basic Training Courses in 2012 (8 weeks): 10 participants Intensive Training Course in 2011 (3 months): 03 participants (by Vietnam budget) Intensive Training Course in 2012 (2 months): 01 participants Intensive Training Course in Nov 2012 (6 weeks): 03 participants 02 Training Courses in reviewing SAR in Hanoi (reference reactor). In 2009, we invited the IAEA to conduct IRRS mission. Among others, the most important recommendations from the Mission are: VARANS should be strengthened without delay its human, financial resources, and technical capability to meet immediate needs for regulating both existing activities and, in particular, for the introduction of nuclear power, and VARANS should be provided with adequate technical expertise to conduct independent review and assessment, both now and in the future 31

IV. VARANS’ Human Resource Development International cooperation RUSSIA Rostechnadzor Training Course in using the computer code for nuclear safety assessment in 2012 Totally 06 participants in 01 month. Rosatom Basic Training Course in nuclear safety in 2012 Totally 11 participants in 15 weeks Rosatom specialized training on regulation development 02 Training in 04 months (by Vietnam budget) Totally 05 participants In 2009, we invited the IAEA to conduct IRRS mission. Among others, the most important recommendations from the Mission are: VARANS should be strengthened without delay its human, financial resources, and technical capability to meet immediate needs for regulating both existing activities and, in particular, for the introduction of nuclear power, and VARANS should be provided with adequate technical expertise to conduct independent review and assessment, both now and in the future 32

IV. VARANS’ Human Resource Development International cooperation USA - US NRC 05 Training Workshop on Reactor safety, Nuclear executive for nuclear power program, Codes and standards, Construction permit, PSA Level 1, Reviewing site application and site oversight. In 2009, we invited the IAEA to conduct IRRS mission. Among others, the most important recommendations from the Mission are: VARANS should be strengthened without delay its human, financial resources, and technical capability to meet immediate needs for regulating both existing activities and, in particular, for the introduction of nuclear power, and VARANS should be provided with adequate technical expertise to conduct independent review and assessment, both now and in the future 33

IV. VARANS’ Human Resource Development International cooperation Japan ODA Project for Development of VARANS (2013-2018) Construction of infrastructure. Strengthening technical support capacities for safety, security and safeguards Human resources development In 2009, we invited the IAEA to conduct IRRS mission. Among others, the most important recommendations from the Mission are: VARANS should be strengthened without delay its human, financial resources, and technical capability to meet immediate needs for regulating both existing activities and, in particular, for the introduction of nuclear power, and VARANS should be provided with adequate technical expertise to conduct independent review and assessment, both now and in the future 34

Training on Safety assessment under IAEA TC Project VIE9013 IV. VARANS’ Human Resource Development Training on Emergency Preparedness and Response by NNSA/US DOE March 2012 Training on Safety assessment under IAEA TC Project VIE9013 In 2009, we invited the IAEA to conduct IRRS mission. Among others, the most important recommendations from the Mission are: VARANS should be strengthened without delay its human, financial resources, and technical capability to meet immediate needs for regulating both existing activities and, in particular, for the introduction of nuclear power, and VARANS should be provided with adequate technical expertise to conduct independent review and assessment, both now and in the future IAEA legislative Assistance Mission on amendment of the Atomic Energy Law, March 2012 under IAEA TC Project VIE9014 Training course on safety assessment under the Norwegian Funded EBP Pilot Program 2012 35

IV. VARANS’ Human Resource Development Training on physical protection and security management of radioactive sources under the cooperation with NNSA and ANSTO, 2011 Training on SAR Reading by JNES, 2012 In 2009, we invited the IAEA to conduct IRRS mission. Among others, the most important recommendations from the Mission are: VARANS should be strengthened without delay its human, financial resources, and technical capability to meet immediate needs for regulating both existing activities and, in particular, for the introduction of nuclear power, and VARANS should be provided with adequate technical expertise to conduct independent review and assessment, both now and in the future Meeting to discuss the cooperation in improvement of Vietnam’s legal system on compensation for nuclear damage, between METI and VARANS, 2012 Meeting with EC on the implementation of the project VN3.01/09 36

IV. VARANS’ Human Resource Development And others…. In 2009, we invited the IAEA to conduct IRRS mission. Among others, the most important recommendations from the Mission are: VARANS should be strengthened without delay its human, financial resources, and technical capability to meet immediate needs for regulating both existing activities and, in particular, for the introduction of nuclear power, and VARANS should be provided with adequate technical expertise to conduct independent review and assessment, both now and in the future 37

Thank you for your attention! For more information, please visit our website: http://www.varans.gov.vn Thank you for your attention!