Chapter 3: Benefits of Physical Activity Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Self-Assessment 3: Healthy Back Test

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Lesson Objectives: Describe some hypokinetic conditions. List some benefits of physical activity that contribute to health and wellness. Explain, using examples, how physical activity is related to hyperkinetic conditions.

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Question People who do little or no physical activity tend to suffer more health problems than active people. These health problems are known as hypokinetic conditions, or conditions caused by too little physical activity. What are some examples of hypokinetic conditions?

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Answer Some examples of hypokinetic conditions are cardiovascular diseases, Type II diabetes, osteoporosis, some forms of cancer, back problems, and obesity.

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Question Diseases of the cardiovascular system are major hypokinetic conditions. How do the heart, lungs, and blood vessels work together when you are healthy? Use the picture to help you answer.

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Answer Heart pumps blood into arteries (left side). Healthy arteries carry blood with oxygen to the muscles and other body tissues. The muscles and body tissues use oxygen. Veins carry blood back to the heart. Heart pumps blood to pulmonary artery (right side). Lungs provide oxygen to the body.

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Question Can you describe the cardiovascular problems listed below? atherosclerosis heart attack high blood pressure (hypertension) stroke

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Answer Atherosclerosis is clogging of the arteries, especially an artery in the heart muscle.

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Answer (continued) A heart attack occurs when a clogged artery in the heart muscle becomes totally blocked (by a clot) so that oxygen is no longer supplied to the heart muscle (also called coronary thrombosis).

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Answer (continued) High blood pressure occurs when the pressure in your arteries becomes too high. the arteries are clogged causing the pressure to rise. High blood pressure is also called hypertension.

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Answer (continued) There are two types of blood pressure. Systolic pressure is the higher of the two numbers. the pressure in the arteries right after the heart beats (highest pressure in artery; normal = 120). Diastolic pressure is the lower of the two numbers. the pressure in the arteries just before the heart beats (lowest pressure in artery; normal = 80).

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Answer (continued) Stroke is a condition that occurs when a blood vessel in the brain is blocked or ruptured so that oxygen is not supplied to the brain tissues. Factors that contribute to stroke include high blood pressure and atherosclerosis.

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Question What are the risk factors for cardiovascular disease?

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Answer Some of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease are sedentary living, a high-fat diet, cigarette smoking, and high blood pressure.

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Question What is diabetes? There are two types of diabetes—do you know the difference?

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Answer Diabetes is too much sugar in the blood and having too little insulin to help control blood sugar (Type I), or not being able to use insulin to control blood sugar (Type II).

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Question What forms of cancer are considered to be hypokinetic conditions?

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Answer Forms of cancer considered to be hypokinetic conditions include colon cancer and breast cancer.

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Question What is osteoporosis?

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Answer Osteoporosis is low bone density, weak bones caused by low bone density, a condition that can result in bone fractures, and a condition that gets worse as you get older.

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Question Some people who are overweight or obese do not do any physical activity. What health concerns are heightened for people who are obese?

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Answer Obese people have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, joint problems, and Type II diabetes.

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Question What health problems might be caused from doing too much exercise? (These problems are known as hyperkinetic conditions.)

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Answer Some hyperkinetic conditions (conditions caused by too much physical activity) include bone and joint problems (fractures, inflammation), muscle soreness or strains, activity neurosis (see next question), and body image disorder (see later question).

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Question What is activity neurosis?

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Answer A neurosis is being overly fearful or concerned about something. So a person with activity neurosis would not want to miss a single exercise session, would fear becoming out of shape or overweight, and would exercise even when he or she was hurting or sick.

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Question What are characteristics of a body image disorder?

Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits Answer A person with a body image disorder sets unrealistic expectations to try to achieve an ideal or perfect body. is often dissatisfied when goals are met. does too much exercise to try to achieve unrealistic goals.

Self-Assessment 3: Healthy Back Test Question What are some of the items in the Healthy Back Test?

Self-Assessment 3: Healthy Back Test Answer Some of the items in the Healthy Back Test: Single-leg lift (prone) for back and hip muscles

Self-Assessment 3: Healthy Back Test Answer (continued) Single-leg lift (supine) for hamstring muscles

Self-Assessment 3: Healthy Back Test Answer (continued) Knee to chest for tightness of hip muscles

Self-Assessment 3: Healthy Back Test Answer (continued) Curl-up for abdominal muscles

Self-Assessment 3: Healthy Back Test Answer (continued) Trunk lift and hold for back muscles

Self-Assessment 3: Healthy Back Test Answer (continued) Back to wall for lower back and hip muscles