Other objects in the Solar System. Describe characteristics of the moon. Describe asteroids Describe meteors and meteorites. Describe comets KEY WORDS.

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Presentation transcript:

Other objects in the Solar System

Describe characteristics of the moon. Describe asteroids Describe meteors and meteorites. Describe comets KEY WORDS MoonLunar SatellitesComet AsteroidMeteoroid MeteoriteMeteor

Io - only moon known to have active volcanoes Europa – contains more ice and water than Earth and may contain life.

Moons

(Oct 2008)– 172 known natural moons orbiting planets in our Solar System. Planet (2006)Known moons Mercury0 Venus0 Earth1 Mars2 Jupiter63 Saturn60 Uranus27 Neptune13 Pluto3

Moon: Large natural object (rock/metals) that revolves around a planet – also called a satellites. Roman goddess of the moon was Luna. Most moons were discovered with telescopes. Probes (robot explorers) have investigated moons of Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. Studying moons helps us learn about the origin and evolution of the solar system.

Humans have visited its surface six times between 1969 and First visit - Soviet Luna 2 in nd brightest object in sky. No atmosphere Surface filled with hills, valleys, and craters. ¼ diameter of Earth Its gravity is responsible for the tides of the oceans.

Asteroids

Asteroids: Chunks of rock/metal that orbit the Sun but too small to be planets – minor planets. “Asteroid belt” in large gap from Mars - Jupiter. Largest is only 1000 Km in diameter. Asteroids are rich in minerals – future mining. Asteroid with orbits that cross paths with Earth are called Trojans. Could cross close enough to be pulled in by Earth’s gravity and collide with it.

Meteoroids

Meteoriods: lump of rock that is trapped by Earth’s gravity and pulled into the atmosphere. As it falls, it rubs again molecules of air (friction) and becomes hot and breaks apart (vapourizes) so the air glows – burns up. Meteoroid that completely burns up - meteor. Streak of light produced across the sky called also known as a shooting star. The largest are probably asteroids.

Meteoroids that don’t completely burn up and strikes the Earth, it is called a meteorite. Large meteorites make craters. Westhawk Lake is a crater. Crater in Arizona formed by meteorite

Meteor shower Swarm of visible meteors when Earth passes through debris left behind by old comet.

Comets

Some comets have regular periods of revolution around the Sun. Halley’s comet: last seen in 1986 it has a period of 76 years. Comets: chuck of ice/dust that orbit the Sun. Made of the head (coma) and the tail. Approach the Sun - warmed by solar radiation. Heated material becomes glowing gas that is blown out by solar wind forming the tail – millions of km long.

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