Musical

Review String – = 2L –Frequency of overtones 1 st : 2 × fundamental frequency 2 nd : 3 × fundamental frequency 3 rd : 4 × fundamental frequency Pipe open or closed on both ends – = 2L –Frequency of overtones 1 st : 2 × fundamental frequency 2 nd : 3 × fundamental frequency 3 rd : 4 × fundamental frequency

Review Pipe open on one end and closed on one end – = 4L –Frequency of overtones 1 st : 3 × fundamental frequency 2 nd : 5 × fundamental frequency 3 rd : 7 × fundamental frequency

Harmonics The fundamental and overtones can be described with other terminology -- harmonics –Fundamental1 st harmonic –1 st overtone2 nd harmonic –2 nd overtone3 rd harmonic

Whats the difference between a piano and a fish? –You can tune a piano, but you cant tuna fish. What do you call a fish with no eyes? –Fsh

Tune Due to constructive and destructive interference, waves that are at similar frequencies (within about 7 Hz of each other) will cause a phenomenon known as beats. The resulting sound wave will get louder and softer at a frequency equal to the difference in the two wave frequencies

Strike a chord Some notes played together sound good –Others do not Notes that go well together have a special ratio of frequencies –An octave is a ratio of 1:2 (or 2) –A third is 4:5 –A fourth is 3:4 –A fifth is 2:3 –C, E, G have a ratio of 4:5:6

Practice p , 83