 In November 1860 Abraham was elected President of the United States.  December 1860 Lincoln says, as president, he will not interfere with slavery in the South and he will enforce the Fugitive Slave Laws, BUT he will not allow slavery to spread into any of the territories.  South Carolina senators are mad and vote to have South Carolina leave the Union. 10 other southern states soon followed.  March 1861 Lincoln is sworn into office and officially becomes president of the “Not so United States” He decides all military forts belong to the US government no matter where they are North or South.  In April 12, 1861 Angry Southerner in Charleston, South Carolina open fire on soldiers at Fort Sumter.  The spring of 1861 the Civil War has began.

North Strengths South Strengths  22 million people strong.  Had more states.  Better technology.  90% factories.  Most of banks=richer  Had more farms to provide food.  Controlled to sea-Big Navy  21,000 miles of railroad  Land had iron, copper, coal, and gold.  Import guns and supplies from Europe.  Long coastlines.  Big and spread out land.  Get to fight on own land.  Military Generals Ex. Robert E. Lee.

North Weakness South Weaknesses  Military leader ship weak  1/3 of northern generals quite and went back to South.  Waste time searching for good Generals.  Have to travel and attack the South.  A million people.  Unaware of attacks.  Mississippi could split the confederacy in 2.  Economy could not support a long war.  Few factories to produce guns and supplies.  Bad transportation.  Short, incomplete railroads.  Weak money

How many more people lived in Union states than in Confederate states?

About how many times more square miles of land did Union states have compared to Confederate states?

Which side---the Union or the Confederacy---had greater manufacturing and iron production?

About how many times more railroad track did the North have than the South?

Which side---the Union or the Confederacy---had greater financial resources?

Union-Abraham Lincoln Confederate-Jefferson Davis

The Union The Confederacy  President Abraham Lincoln.  General Winfield Scott.  General Irvin McDowell.  General George McClellan.  Admiral David Farragut.  General Ulysses S. Grant.  General George Meade.  General William Sherman.  President Jefferson Davis.  Joseph E. Johnston.  General Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson.  General Robert E. Lee.  General George Pickett.

How many more troops did the Union states have than the Confederate states?

Summary and Outcome Leaders  July 1861  McDowell was sent to take confederate capital in Richmond, VA.  Needed to control R.R. Junction in Manassas Virginia.  Confederate troops were waiting at Bull Run Creek near Manassas.  Union pushed passed creek.  Confed. got backup.  Confederacy won  The Union leaders are Irvin McDowell.  Confederate leaders Pierre Beauregard, Joseph Johnston, Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson

Summary and Outcome Leaders  Battle of Antietam starts in September 17,  Lee went into Maryland.  Lee talked to people, nobody joined his side.  Left his battle plan.  North won.  Union leader(s) McClellan  Confederate leader(s) Robert E. Lee.

 Abraham Lincoln was the Union leader of this battle.  Started in September 22,1862.  The Democratic party included many labors, opposed emancipation.  Abolitionists argued about the war was pointless if it didn’t win freedom for African, American.  Angry voter cause Republicans to be defeated in 1862midterm election.  Others, including secretary of War Edwin Stanton.  Lincoln want the slaves to fight in the war.

Summary and Outcome Leaders  Starts in July 1-3,1863.  Lee wanted to attack so much that the North would lose its will to fight & gain help from Europe.  Confed. forces gathered in a small town out side of Gettysburg.  Union soldiers already there.  Confed. sent raiding party.  It was the bloodiest battle in a single day  It was a turning in the war  Confederate leader(s) Robert E, Lee.28,000 dead.  Union leader(s) George Meade. winner 23,000 dead.

 The leaders was Lincoln.  In November 19,1863 Lincoln makes speech how Gettysburg cemetery.  Praised union soldiers told his commitment to winning the war.  Try to keep the troops going & pumped up.

Summary and Outcome Leaders  This battle was in Spring of Dec  Pain to destroy Southern railroads and industries which was called total war.  Sherman marched troops from Tennessee to Atlanta, Georgia destroys R. R industry on the way.  Captured Atlanta.  Moved on to Savannah G. A.  Confederate leader Joseph Johnston.  Union leader William Sherman winner.

Summary and Outcome Leaders  In April 9, 1865 the union had trapped confed. army.  Union and confed. generals met in Appomattox courthouse.  Gen, Robert E. Lee surrender to Gen. Grant ended the war.  Lee signs surrender does.  Grant promises to take care of confed. soldiers.  Confederate Robert E. Lee.  Union William Sherman, Ulysses S. Grant.

Who had more war casualties, the North or the South? How many more did they have?

About how many total people were killed at Gettysburg, Chickamauga, Chancellorsville, Spotsylvania, and Antietam?

1) 620,000 people were dead. 2) Slavery ended in the South. 3) Slaves had no homes or jobs. 4) There was a lot of hostility between the North and the South.