Chapter 2 Safe and Smart Physical Activity Explain how to prepare yourself for physical activity. Explain how the environment can affect physical activity. Describe some steps for dressing for physical activity in normal environments.

Getting Ready Medical Readiness- Everyone should have had a physical within the past year. If you play sports for any school in the state of Alabama you must a physical annually. IF you have problems during this class let the teacher know.

Environmental conditions Heat Index- this is a combination of temperature and humidity. Humidity- the amount of water vapor in the air. Hyperthermia- (overheating)(weather is hot and humidity is high) occurs when body temperature rises too high. Hypothermia-Excessive low body temperature- exercising in cold, windy & wet weather

Environmental conditions 5. Windchill Factor- combination of wind and temperature. 6. Heat Cramps-Muscle cramps due to excessive exposure to heat and low water consumption.

Heat-Related Conditions Heat Exhaustion-condition caused by the excessive exposure to heat , characterized by paleness, cold clammy skin, profuse sweating, weakness tiredness, nausea, dizziness, muscle cramps, and possible vomiting or fainting. Body temp. normal

Heat-Related Conditions Heatstroke- A condition caused by excessive exposure to heat, characterized by high body temperature (possibly as high as 106): hot, dry, flushed skin: rapid pulse; lack of sweating: dizziness: or unconsciousness. This is a life threatening condition.

2.2 Physical Activity and Injury List and describe some activity related physical activities. List some guidelines for preventing injuries during physical activity. Explain how to apply the RICE method to an injury. Identify different types of risky exercises.

Common Injuries Overuse Injuries- repeat a movement so much that wear and tear occur to your body. (blister) Side stitch- a pain in the lower side of the lower abdomen. (running activities) Microtrauma- Micro-means small Trauma-means injury. Sometimes may not appear on X-ray. Repeated use over time causes injury to eventually appear. Hyperflexion-hyper-too much, flexion-means to bend. Avoid exercises that bend joints too far.

Common Injuries Hyperextension-Arching the lower back more than normal is an example. Hyper-too much extension-to extend. The reason why stretches abdominal muscles and can cause spinal discs and joints. Rolling the neck, avoid twisting or compressing joints.

Preventing Injuries How many bones are in the body? Ligaments- hold bones together at the joint Tendons- connect muscle to bones Biomechanical principles-The study of forces that can be applied to help living organisms function efficiently.

Simple treatment of minor injuries For muscle strains, sprains and bruises, which are common in sports and other activities, you can follow the RICE formula. Each letter in the formula represents a step taken to treat a minor injury.

R I C E R-Rest I-Ice C-Compression E-Elevation