Unit 2: Tectonic Process Ms. Thind

  Rocks under pressure or tension fracture under strain  If movement takes place along a fracture a rift is formed  faulting  Landforms produced by faulting: Normal Fault, Reverse or Thrust Fault, Rift Valley or Graben, and Block Mountain or Horst Faulting:

  Along the line of a fault one section of rock may be forced down to create a fault scarp (fault cliff)  Tension (think stretching of rock) results in a normal fault What does this look like? *take out a sheet of paper* Normal Fault

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  Along the line of a fracture one section of rock is pushed upward as a result of compression (pushing together) 6/SolidEarth/activities/geologylab/faultingandfoldin g/earth-processes/faulting-r.htm What does this look like? Reverse or Thrust Fault

  Blocks that have been elevated on a much larger scale form mountain ranges called fault block mountains or horsts formed by tension What does this look like? Block Mountain or Horst

  Faulting may cause blocks to slip down and form steep sided rift valleys called grabens caused by tension What does this look like? Rift Valley or Graben

  When two tectonic plates collide the rock layers fold and squeeze together over a long period of time because of increasing pressure  Upfolds are called anticlines  Downfolds are called synclines Folding

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