Five Systems with IRAC Excesses RX J Cham. I member, ~3 Myr old, not actively accreting? [PZ99] RXS J Upper-Scorpius OB association, ~5 Myr old, active accretion RX J CrA “association,” ~8 Myr old, active accretion RX J CrA “association,” ~8 Myr old, active accretion PDS 66 Lower Centaurus-Crux association, ~17 Myr old, active accretion Discussion We present a color-color diagram showing the IRAC photometry for the 74 targets in this survey in Figure 1. The IRAC observations (  m) are generally sensitive to dust in orbit from 0.1 to 1 AU. We detect 5 systems with strong excess (SNR ≥ 5-19) in all IRAC bands (see Figure 3), and 69 stars with no apparent excess. The clear separation in color of the excess and non-excess sources, and the unexpected absence of intermediate excesses (which could have been detected at moderate SNR≥3) implies a rapid evolution from optically-thick to optically-thin disks compared to the age of the systems in this survey (3-30 Myr;). Four of the 5 excess systems, have ages from 3–10 Myr (RX J1111.7, [PZ99] J161411, RX J1842.9, and RX J1852.3), and one is older, between 10–30 Myr (PDS 66). Upper limits to excess for the 69 detected photospheres suggests there is less than ~4  10 –7 M  of optically thin dust in “small” grains in these systems. Figure 2 shows a summary and comparison of the detection rates of excess vs. age for similar surveys (Mamajek et al. 2004, Haisch et al. 2001). Our survey (see also Table 1) is consistent with ground-based surveys at L- and N-band (sensitive to dust closer and farther from the host star, respectively), as well as IRAC non-detections of excesses in the 30 Myr cluster NGC 2547 (Young et al. 2004). Inner (r < 1AU) dust disks become optically thin by 30 Myr. In Figure 3 we present the observed SEDs of the five IRAC excess sources combining the FEPS Spitzer data with ground & space-based observations in the literature. In Figure 4 we show mineralogical features (work in progress) in the IRS Low-resolution spectra from these 5 excess sources and 2 other T-Tauri stars observed in the FEPS program. The continuum- and amorphous silicate-removed spectra are rich with features from crystalline grains and PAHs (Bouwman et al. 2006). The lack of optically thin dust in 69 targets from 3-30 Myr suggests that these targets have dust generation rates lower than that we think our solar system may have had at similar ages. This suggests that systems with histories similar to our solar system are rare in our galaxy. Additional Information: For more details about this study and the FEPS project please see the paper on these data (Silverstone et al. 2005), other FEPS contributions at this meeting (Backman et al. talk #95.03 & Poster #63.32 Stauffer et al. #63.11, Hillenbrand et al. Poster #63.28, Mamajek et al. Poster #63.48), and the FEPS website References Carpenter, J.M., Wolf, S., Schreyer, K., Launhardt, R., & Henning, T. 2005, AJ, 129, 1049 Bouwman et al. 2006, in preparation Gehrels, N. 1986, ApJ 303, 336 Haisch, K.E., Jr., Lada, E.A., & Lada, C.L., 2001, ApJL 553, 153 Mamajek, E.E., Meyer M.R., Hinz P.M., Hoffmann W.F., Cohen M., Hora J.L. 2004, ApJ, 612, 496 Mamajek, E.E., Meyer M.R., Liebert J. 2002, AJ, 124, 1670 Meyer M.R., et al. 2004, ApJS, 154, 422 Preibisch, T. & Zinnecker, H. 1999, AJ 117, 2381 Schneider, G., & Stobie, E. 2002, in ASP Conf. Ser. 281, ADASS XI, ed. D.A. Bohlender, D. Durand, & T.H. Handley (San Francisco: ASP), 382 astro-ph/ Silverstone, M.D. et al. 2005, ApJ, in press (astro-ph/ ) Young, E.T.,et al. 2004, ApJS, 154, 428 FEPS Young Target Sample FEPS targets observed with Spitzer/Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) before October 5, Youngest targets in the FEPS sample Ages have been determined from a variety of methods, detailed in Hillenbrand et al These methods include: Moving-group kinematics Li I ( 6707Å) equivalent width X-ray luminosity H-R diagram location and isochrone fitting Uncertainties in age determinations are estimated to be a factor of ≤ targets in age range: 3 Myr – 30 Myr Targets divided into two logarithmic age bins, spaced wider than the uncertainties in the age determinations: 29 targets with age 3 – 10 Myr 45 targets with age 10 – 30 Myr IRAC Observations and Photometry Targets were observed with the IRAC 3.6, 4.5, and 8.0  m channels in the 32x32- pixel subarray mode, using the 4-point random dither pattern. The subarray mode produces 64 images at each dither position in each channel. Integration times were selected to detect photospheres at SNR > 50. Most targets were observed with Frame Time = 0.1 second Aperture photometry was calculated from each subarray image using IDP3 (Schneider & Stobie, 2002) using target radius = 3 pixels and background annulus from 10 to 32 pixel radius (thus most subarray pixels outside the radius of 10 pixels were included in the background “annulus”). The background was estimated by the median flux per pixel from the background annulus, scaled to the size of the target aperture, then subtracted. Aperture correction was taken from the IRAC Data Handbook v. 1.0 Table 5.7, for radius on source 3.0 pixels, and background annuli of 10 to 20 pixels. Target flux was taken as the mean of the 256 photometry measures (64 images per dither x 4 dithers). Uncertainty was estimated by the combined internal uncertainty (estimated by the standard deviation of the 256 measures and the calibration uncertainty as published by the SSC, 10% for all IRAC bands at the time of these analyses) added in quadrature. In Figure 1 we present the colors from IRAC photometry, and the full SEDs for 5 targets are presented in Figure 3. More details for the data reduction steps (including the IRS and MIPS data presented in Figure 3) are available in the FEPS Legacy Data Release 2.0 * * Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems (FEPS): Primordial Warm Dust Evolution From 3-30 Myr Around Sun-like Stars Murray. D. Silverstone, M.R. Meyer (Steward Observatory, The University of Arizona), E.E. Mamajek (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), D.C. Hines (Space Science Institute), L.A. Hillenbrand (Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology), J. Najita (National Optical Astronomy Observatory), I. Pascucci (Steward Observatory, The University of Arizona), J. Bouwman (Max-Plank-Institut für Astronomie), J.S. Kim (Steward Observatory, The University of Arizona), J.M. Carpenter (Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology), J.R. Stauffer (Spitzer Science Center), A. Moro-Martin 12(Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University), T. Henning, S. Wolf (Max-Plank-Institut für Astronomie), D.E. Backman (NASA-Ames Research Center), T.Y. Brooke (Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology), D.L. Padgett (Spitzer Science Center) blue lines black circles X green boxesred lines green diamonds blue circles green circles Figure 3. The Spectral Energy Distributions for the five targets with IRAC excesses, with Kurucz model photospheres (blue lines) fit to optical and near-IR photometry from the literature, including Hipparcos and 2MASS databases, (black circles). Infrared fluxes from the IRAS catalogs are plotted (X's). FEPS observations include IRAC channels 1, 2, and 4 (green boxes), IRS low-resolution spectra (red lines) and MIPS 24 and 70  m (green diamonds). ISO 60 and 100  m fluxes from Spangler et al. (2001) are plotted for RX J (blue circles). Millimeter fluxes (Carpenter et al. 2005) are plotted (green circles) at the far right of the diagrams. The long wavelength measurements of RX J suffer from source confusion with XX Cha, a CTTS ~25" away. Goals of THIS study Characterizing warm dust in Sun-like systems Are warm inner disks common among young Sun-like stars? (no) At what age do inner disks dissipate? (30 Myr) Does the age of inner disk dissipation vary with Near- to Mid-IR wavelength of the disk detection? (no) These results are detailed in a paper accepted for publication in the ApJ (Silverstone et al. 2005). FEPS is a survey of 328 Sun-like (0.7 < M * /M  < 1.5) with all three Spitzer science instruments to characterize the incidence and evolution of dusty disks. Acknowledgements We thank all of the members of the FEPS team for their contributions to the FEPS project and to this study. We would like to thank our colleagues at the Spitzer Science Center and members of the instrument teams for their help in analyzing the Spitzer data. We have used the SIMBAD database. Support for this work, part of the Spitzer Space Telescope Legacy Science Program, was provided by NASA through contracts , , and issued by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under NASA contract EEM is supported by a Clay fellowship from the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Figure 1. The 2MASS Ks–IRAC [3.6  m], [4.5  m]–[8.0  m] color-color diagram for the 74 young targets. Five targets with strong excesses from optically thick disks detected at high SNRs appear above and to the right of the cluster of 69 targets with no apparent excess. The typical uncertainty is plotted below the legend. Surprisingly, the significant gap between photospheric colors and the disks detected show that no systems were observed with excesses at marginal SNRs. Photospheres Excesses Overall FEPS Goals Characterize transition from primordial to debris disks Constrain timescale of gas disk dissipation Examine the diversity of planetary systems Is our Solar System common or rare? Please see the other FEPS contributions at this meeting: Backman et al. talk #95.03 & Poster #63.32 Stauffer et al. #63.11, Hillenbrand et al. #63.28, Mamajek et al. # Poster #63.18 Note: The uncertainties in Table 1 are calculated from Poisson statistics alone (Gehrels 1986) and do not take into account the probabilities that systems’ ages are in the incorrect age bin. Thus the true uncertainties may be larger. Figure 4. Normalized, continuum-subtracted IRS low- resolution spectra of T-Tauri systems observed in the FEPS legacy program. The spectra between 7–14  m show the crystalline silicate bands after the removal of the amorphous silicate emission, as do the 15–35  m spectra after continuum removal. The positions of the main emission features of various dust species are indicated. The crystalline silicate forsterite bands are clearly detected through the spectra. Silica, enstatite and PAH molecules are evident to varying degrees. These analyses are being developed for an upcoming submission (Bouwman et al. 2006). Legend:3 RX J A 0 RX J PDS 66 1 RX J RX J HD [PZ99] RXS J Work in Progress … For more information about FEPS, please see the web address: Author Contact : Dr. Murray Silverstone Steward Observatory N N Cherry Ave Tucson, AZ Voice: FAX: Figure 2. The fraction of disk sources as a function of stellar age. The red and blue circles represent the fraction of IR excess sources based on the IRAC observations for the two youngest age bins in the FEPS sample, as reported in Table 1. These points represent the same statistic at 3.6, 4.5, and 8.0  m. The other filled circles and curves show as a comparison the data from ground based observations at N-band (Mamajek et al. 2004) and L-band (Haisch et al. 2001). FEPS