Modelling Processes of Real Estate Transactions in Hungary COST Workshop – October 2002, Delft

Principles of land property policy: controlling the properties market; limiting the possibility of the purchase; limiting the maximum and minimum of the land properties; assisting the economical farming with concentrate of small parcels; creating the fundament of the farming on the large scale, cooperatives and farming; applying the best possibilities and the modern technical means and methods.

The main stations of the evolution of the Land Properties Structure in Hungary Division of the Farms and the Area in 1935 Size of Farms (kh) FarmsArableOthers agricultural landuse SumArableOthers agricultural landuse Sum numberdivisionArea %Thousand (kh)division % ,917, ,21,61, ,145, ,110,28, ,316, ,010,89, ,111, ,614,712, ,66, ,215,513, ,21, ,27,06, ,80, ,45, ,80, ,67,07, ,90, ,55,65, ,90, ,49,210, , ,813,419,3 All Farms1219,75100, ,0

The size of the allotted land according to the profession of the people Profession of the personsNumber of the benefited persons Size of the distributioned parcelsThe average size of the allotted area thousand kh. thousand hectars %khhectars Hired man ,38,44,8 Agricultural labourer ,54,92,8 Dwarfs owners ,5 3,92,2 Small owners ,4 2,5 Engaged workman ,7 2,41,4 Licensed farmer ,4 11,66,6 Forest worker ,2 6,03,4 Sum ,0 5,12,9

Situtation after the compensation act 1992 The numbers of benefit 41,3 million AK (Gold Crown) 3,0 miilion hectars Part-owners 38,6 million AK 2,1 miilion hectars Employers10,5 million AK 0,7 million hectars Sum: 90,4 million AK 5,8 million hectars

States of the ownerships before and after the political changes Form the ownership hectar States ownership Cooperative using Agricultural companies Self governments Private ownerships Sum

Situation of the Real Property Market in Hungary Legal background of the real properties Under Hungarian law the right of ownership is the most absolute right regarding an asset. Is entitled to: the rights and protections of possessions, the rights of use and usufruct, and the rights of disposition (to surrender the possession, or usufruct of something to another person to use as security or encumber it in another way ).

Generally the following will be remain under exclusive state owner ship in Hungary: the „treasures of the earth” underground waters, the natural basins of underground rivers and natural lakes and beds thereof, national public roads, railroads, waterways, national public ports and international commercial airports.

Real properties can be: A plot of land surface together with the building, provided that the landowner owns the building as well, or A building if it is not owned or is only partly owned, by the landowner, a freehold and cooperative flats located in a block and the premises in the aforementioned buildings which are separately owned and not used for dwelling purpose.

Property markets: Office Retail Industrial Investment

Actors of the property change flow

Actors of the subdivision flow

Governmental and official actors: The local government, municipality building authority : responsible to issue the final, legal permission for subdivision or any legal boundary changes based on the detailed town or land use planning and building regulations. District Land Offices: responsible to certify the survey plan of any legal boundary changes and also the registration of changes on cadastral maps ( survey department) and on the property sheet (legal document)

The Hungarian land registry consist of: The ownership file (containing the legally important data about a piece of real estate and the rights and facts related to the real estate, e.g. lot number, size, right to use the land, mortgages, options, prohibitions of transfer, etc); The land book (containing the information about the real estate which is important to the registration); The land registry map which shows the plots of land and the ground; The archives.

Data in the register: Technical data of the parcels (identified, land used, size of parcels etc.) Legal data (ownership, lease and its interested, etc.) Land value (land qualification, economical value) Graphical data (maps, regional plans, etc.)

Property sheet, page 1:

Property sheet, page 2:

Property sheet, page 3: other rights, mortgage information, restrictions, limitations, jointures, easements, etc

Map basics: Database Development Stocks of Maps Data of Regional Maps Other graphical information Boundaries of Soil Qualification ad their Value Direction of the Erosion Boundaries of direction of the Rivers, Canals, ditch and other Constructions Lines Earlier ways network Drain lines and important high tension line, power lines etc. Other Data acquisition Ownerships/Handle/Usufructuary Property Page: Data of Parcels/ Soil-quality Other Data

TAKAROS – „Dinky” (national map-based digital cadastre system)

Flow of the subdivision process:

Flow of the ownership-change process:

Role of the College: OLLO DLG SDiLA UNIPHORM Panel GI LIME NODE With partners from all over Europe: UeL, MU, US, ZGIS, Ordance Survey, GISIG, ITC …

Thank you for your attention! Judit Nyiri and Krisztina Járja