Vulcanicity F.2 Geography Lesson.

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Presentation transcript:

Vulcanicity F.2 Geography Lesson

Contents The formation of a volcano Types of volcanoes The distribution of volcanoes The hazards and benefits of vulcanicity Questions Activity: Making a paper volcano model

The formation of volcanoes

The formation of volcanoes Line of weakness Magma beneath the crust forces its way to the lines of weakness

The magma reaches the Earth’s surface through the lines of weakness which is then called lava Layers of lava Magma

Lava cools and forms hill called volcano

Now, you can take a look at the whole process(automatic animation) once again.

Types of Volcanoes ~extinct ~dormant ~active

Extinct Volcanoes e.g. Kohala, Hawaii Types of Volcanoes Extinct Volcanoes -Volcanoes which haven't erupted since recorded history and show no signs of ever erupting. e.g. Kohala, Hawaii

Types of Volcanoes Dormant Volcanoes -Volcanoes that have not erupted in historic time but probably will erupt again. e.g. Mauna Kea, Hawaii

Active Volcanoes -Volcanoes that have erupted in historic time. Types of volcanoes -Volcanoes that have erupted in historic time. -e.g. Mount St. Helens Hualalai

Click here to continue. Do you know where do my friends live? My friends live all over the WORLD!! Asia North America Atlantic Ocean Africa Pacific Ocean Indian Ocean South America Australasia Click here to continue.

ASIA Mt. Fuji  A dead volcano  Japan's highest and most noted volcano  Its growth began with a period of voluminous lava flows from 11,000 to 8,000 years before present (BP)  The last eruption in 1707 ejected andesitic pumice and formed a large new crater on the east flank.

North America Mt. Adams  a dormant volcano  one of the largest volcanoes in the Cascade Range

AUSTRALASIA Mt. Krakatoa  an active volcano  the eruption in 1983 caused a large damage on human lives and property.  frequent eruptions since 1927

South America Mt. Cotopaxi  most well-known volcano  one of the most active in the world  most well-known volcano  the most violent historical eruptions took place in 1744, 1768, and 1877.  The last significant eruption took place in 1904.

 has the world's longest documented record of historical volcanism Africa Mt. Etna  an extinct volcano  has the world's longest documented record of historical volcanism  Historical lava flows cover much of the surface

The hazards of vulcanicity 1. Release of poisonous gases Photos showing the emission of poisonous gases from the volcanoes.

The hazards of vulcanicity 2. Fire hazards A photo of a fire hazard caused by volcanic eruption in the Philippines, 1995.

3. Destruction of forests and farmlands The hazards of vulcanicity 3. Destruction of forests and farmlands Forests were destructed by the eruption of volcanoes in Malaysia.

4. Earthquakes I’m very powerful!! hehe The hazards of vulcanicity I’m very powerful!! hehe 4. Earthquakes Destructions caused by earthquake

5. Tsunamis Oh! Very terrible!! Tsunami in Hawaii in 1906 The hazards of vulcanicity 5. Tsunamis Tsunami in Hawaii in 1906

The benefits of vulcanicity 1. Tourist Attractions Beautiful Fuji (above) and Aso volcano (right)

Basic lava gives fertile soil. The benefits of vulcanicity 2. Fertile soil Basic lava gives fertile soil.

Volcanic rocks contain mineral deposits The benefits of vulcanicity 3. Mineral deposits sulphur gold copper Volcanic rocks contain mineral deposits

4. Geothermal Electricity The benefits of vulcanicity 4. Geothermal Electricity A power-generating plant using geothermal energy

Hey, here comes the question time! 1. Which of the following types of volcanoes can erupt ? I. extinct volcanoes II. dormant volcanoes III. active volcanoes A. I only. B. III only C. II and III. D. All of them

2. Which of the following countries lie within volcanic belt? I. Japan II. The Philippines III. England IV. Indonesia A. I only. B. I, II, IV. C. None of them. D. All of them.

3. Which of the following substances will be emitted during volcanic eruption? I. Water vapours. II. Poisonous gases. III. Lava. IV. Mineral substances. A. III only. B. II and III. C. I, II and III. D. All of them.

4. Which of the following hazards are associated with volcanic activities? I. Typhoons II. Earthquakes III. Drought IV. Landslides A. II only. B. IV only. C. II and IV. D. All of them.

5. Why do people still prefer to live in the volcanic regions? I. Scenic spots. II. Volcanic eruptions are not frequent. III. Lower population density. IV. Lava gives fertile soil. A. III only. B. I and IV. C. I, II and IV. D. All of them. Click here to continue.

Sorry, your option is incorrect. Please try again.

Congratulations! Your option is correct.

Activity: Making a paper volcano model Click here to have a closer view

Now you all know more about me and my family. Enjoy your lesson!! Happy volcano!!! Bye bye…….

Group Member: Wan Wing Sze (Tracy) s995978 Chan Ka Ming (Jenny) s996281 Lee Wun Yee (Winnie)s997663 Tang Wing Hang (Andy)s996403 Chan Siu Wun (Betty) s997750