Reconstructing the South What was the human cost of the Civil War? What was the human cost of the Civil War? Why did the war turn out the way it did? Why did the war turn out the way it did? What do we do with “former” Confederates? What do we do with “former” Confederates? How did post-Civil War economics work? How did post-Civil War economics work? How did Reconstruction work? How did Reconstruction work?

The Human Cost of War

644,000 killed in the civil war 644,000 killed in the civil war

The Human Cost of War 644,000 killed in the civil war 644,000 killed in the civil war The North lost 140,000 on the battlefield The North lost 140,000 on the battlefield

The Human Cost of War 644,000 killed in the civil war 644,000 killed in the civil war The North lost 140,000 on the battlefield The North lost 140,000 on the battlefield The South lost 104,000 on the battlefield The South lost 104,000 on the battlefield

The Human Cost of War 644,000 killed in the civil war 644,000 killed in the civil war The North lost 140,000 on the battlefield The North lost 140,000 on the battlefield The South lost 104,000 on the battlefield The South lost 104,000 on the battlefield Combined losses to disease = 400,000 Combined losses to disease = 400,000

The Human Cost of War 644,000 killed in the civil war 644,000 killed in the civil war The North lost 140,000 on the battlefield The North lost 140,000 on the battlefield The South lost 104,000 on the battlefield The South lost 104,000 on the battlefield Combined losses to disease = 400,000 Combined losses to disease = 400,000ECONOMICS In 1860, the federal budget was $63 million In 1860, the federal budget was $63 million

The Human Cost of War 644,000 killed in the civil war 644,000 killed in the civil war The North lost 140,000 on the battlefield The North lost 140,000 on the battlefield The South lost 104,000 on the battlefield The South lost 104,000 on the battlefield Combined losses to disease = 400,000 Combined losses to disease = 400,000ECONOMICS In 1860, the federal budget was $63 million In 1860, the federal budget was $63 million In 1865, the federal budget was $1.3 billion In 1865, the federal budget was $1.3 billion

The Human Cost of War 644,000 killed in the civil war 644,000 killed in the civil war The North lost 140,000 on the battlefield The North lost 140,000 on the battlefield The South lost 104,000 on the battlefield The South lost 104,000 on the battlefield Combined losses to disease = 400,000 Combined losses to disease = 400,000ECONOMICS In 1860, the federal budget was $63 million In 1860, the federal budget was $63 million In 1865, the federal budget was $1.3 billion In 1865, the federal budget was $1.3 billion Through 1863, the Confederacy spent $2 billion Through 1863, the Confederacy spent $2 billion

Passion vs. Resources The South had more passion The South had more passion The North had more resources The North had more resources The North was more advanced with technology The North was more advanced with technology The South won most of the battles in the early part of the war The South won most of the battles in the early part of the war

The Confederate Question Senator Benjamin F. Wade Representative Henry Winter Davis President Abraham Lincoln President Andrew Johnson

Mythic Nationalism THE NORTH “Battle Hymn of the Republic” Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord… He is trampling out the vintage where the grapes of wrath are stored… He hath loosed the fateful lightning of His terrible swift sword… His truth is marching on! THE SOUTH “Bonnie Blue Flag” We are a band of brothers, and native to the soil… Fighting for our liberty, with treasure, blood, and toil… And when our rights were threatened, the cry rose near and far… Hurrah for the Bonnie Blue Flag that bears the single star!

Race Issues

“To the victor belongs the spoils”

Northern Control General William Tecumseh Sherman

Southern in Name Only

The “Bloody Flag” Issue “But no one knelt--all were too proud to cower Brave chieftain he! with bayonets around He warr'd on women--made the world resound With curses on the wretch whose edict placed The virtuous maid with those by lust disgraced Who hung the man that nobly tore away The bloody flag that shamed the light of day…” – (PAGE 61) “WAR: A Poem” Written by John H. Hewitt (1862)

Post Civil-War Amendments  13 th (1865) = Abolition of Slavery  14 th (1865) = Citizenship  15 th (1870) = Voting Rights

The Black Codes

Sharecropping & Paternalism

Racism vs. Racialism What is the difference between them? What is the difference between them?

Racism vs. Racialism What is the difference between them? What is the difference between them? RACIALISM = a formal system or movement (supremacy, separatism) RACIALISM = a formal system or movement (supremacy, separatism)

Racism vs. Racialism What is the difference between them? What is the difference between them? RACIALISM = a formal system or movement (supremacy, separatism) RACIALISM = a formal system or movement (supremacy, separatism) RACISM = a rationalized ideology where blacks are inferior to whites RACISM = a rationalized ideology where blacks are inferior to whites