Movements of Earth & the Moon The Night Sky: 1.3.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Practice Questions What motion of Earth causes day and night? Rotation
Advertisements

Chapter 17 Earth’s Cycles
THIS IS With Host... Your A- Lesson 1 B- Lesson 2 C- Vocabulary D- Moon Phases E- Teacher’s Choice.
Chapter 17 Earth’s Cycles
Welcome To Earth-Sun_Moon System Review.
The Sun-Earth-Moon System
Physical Science Chapter 22 The Earth in Space. Earth’s Rotation   Axis – imaginary line passing through the North and South Pole – –Earth’s axis is.
Topic 4 Motions of the Earth, Moon, and Sun
Chapter 14: The Motions of Earth, the Sun, and the Moon
Bringing Astronomy Down to Earth What do we know about Earth – Moon – Sun interactions?
Period of ROTATION – the amount of time it takes an object to make one complete circle on its axis (Earth rotates from West to East in 24 hours). The.
Unit 8 Study Guide Notes Earth, Moon, and Sun.
Aim: What makes the moon appear to change shape?
The Night Sky. Ancient Astronomy Early astronomers paid attention to the sky and were careful to not offend the gods that rule the skies. The time it.
Unit 6: Universe Lesson 1.
Earth Moon and Sun Interactions
The Earth, The Sun, and The Moon
Chapter 9 Review. The time required for a planet to rotate on its axis one complete time is known as what? day.
Chapter 23: The Sun-Earth-Moon System
Section 7.3 Learning Goals: I will understand key terms: rotation, revolution, tilt, solstice, eclipse I will understand how Earth’s tilt affect the season.
Earth in Space for 600 When the south end of Earth’s axis is tilted toward the sun, it is winter in the ______________________________.
Sun-Moon-Earth System
Solar Motion. Label front flap MOTIONS OF THE EARTH -DAY & NIGHT.
Phases, Eclipses, and Tides Phases, Eclipses, and Tides As the moon revolves around Earth and Earth revolves around the sun, the relative positions of.
Earth’s Movements and Eclipses. Earth’s Orbit of Sun There are 365 days in a year. Every day the sun rises and sets. This proves that the Earth is in.
Moon’s phases.  Eclipse: it occurs when one object in the night sky makes another object less visible.  The moon moves through space into ways. The.
Why does Earth seem to be standing still?
7.3 Movements of Earth and the Moon
The Moon (Phases, Eclipses, and Tides)
Space Study Guide Review. 1.What causes the Earth to orbit the Sun? A: The straight, forward motion of the Earth and the pull of gravity between the Sun.
EARTH’S ROTATION AND REVOLUTION.
Earth, Moon, and Sun Chapter 5 Lesson 1-3.
ASTRONOMY. The Earth, Moon, and Sun CHAPTER 1 SECTION 1 – EARTH IN SPACE.
Phases, Eclipses, & Tides  The moon revolves around the Earth as the Earth revolves around the sun. ★ The positions of the moon, Earth, & the sun cause.
Revolution/Rotation Day/Night Phases of the Moon Seasons.
EARTH, MOON, & SUN. Earth’s movement in space. Earth rotates on it’s imaginary axis. This imaginary line (axis) passes through the Earth at it’s North.
The study of the moon, stars, and other objects in space.
THE MOON AND SURROUNDING PLANETS MRS. ANTON Solar System 1. It’s the sun and all the objects that orbit (go around) the sun 2. The sun’s family is: a.
Astronomy: Apparent Motions Making sense of celestial observations.
Chapter 8: Planet Earth and Its Moon Lesson 1 How Does Earth Move?
Properties of the Earth. How do we know the earth is round?  In 350BC Aristotle observed the Earth cast a curved shadow on the Moon during an eclipse.
Astronomy. Famous Astronomers Ptolemy : Earth- centered universe Copernicus : Sun- centered universe.
Lesson 5.  The Sun rises in the East and sets in the West every day, but why does this happen?  The Earth is spinning on its axis.
EARTH, SUN, AND MOON. EARTH’S ROTATION Earth rotates on it’s axis Axis-imaginary line passing through the North and South Pole Tilted at 23 ½ degrees.
Phases, Eclipses, and Tides Notes. Lunar Motions Our moon’s name = Luna The changing relative positions of the moon, Earth, and sun cause the phases of.
Chapter 19 Earth, Moon, and Sun. Bellwork Write about a scientific observation you made over the weekend. Don’t ask me, “What if I didn’t make one!”
Earth and Its Moon. Movement of the Earth in Space A.The Earth’s Rotation: the turning of the Earth on it’s axis. * axis – the imaginary line from the.
HOW DO THE SUN & MOON AFFECT EARTH? Eclipses Day & Night Moon Phases Changing of the seasons.
Earth Earth has a magnetic field Earth’s shape is a sphere which
6th Grade FCAT 2.0 Study Guide
Unit 4 Lesson 2 Moon Phases and Eclipses
Gravity is a force that attracts all objects toward each other.
Tides / Eclipses / Phases of the Moon
8.5 Motions of Earth, the Moon, and Planets
7.3 Movements of Earth and the Moon (Pages )
6.8 Review Moon, Earth, Sun.
EARTH’S ROTATION AND REVOLUTION
Sun, Moon, and Earth.
8.5 Motions of Earth, the Moon, and Planets
Earth in Space.
Motions of Earth, The Moon and Planets
Seasons & Lunar phases Chapter 11 Lesson 1.
Astronomy-Part 10 Notes The Earth-Moon-Sun Systems
Sun-Earth-Moon Systems
Why do we have seasons?.
Earth-Sun-Moon System
Sun Earth & Moon System.
The Sun-Earth-Moon System
Motions of Earth, the Moon, and Planets
Space Cycle Notes Created by Harris Middle School.
Presentation transcript:

Movements of Earth & the Moon The Night Sky: 1.3

Earth and Motion Rotation vs. Revolution –Because of Earth’s rotation, everything appears to rise in the East and set in the West –Because of Earth’s revolution, different constellations are visible at different times of year

Rotation

Earth’s Orbit Orbits result from 2 types of motion: –The straight line motion of the planets past the sun –The motion of the planet towards the sun (due to gravitational pull) As a result, the planet falls into a stable orbit around the sun

Earth’s Orbit (not even close to scale)

Earth’s Orbit The path around the Sun is not a perfect circle – it’s an ellipse! –A stretched out circle An ellipse has 2 focal points-defines the shape The Sun is at one of the focal points

Earth’s Orbit The Earth’s orbit brings it closest to the Sun in January –Perihelion It is furthest from the Sun in July –Aphelion

Earth’s Orbit

Reason for the Seasons But wait! Why do we experience winter when Earth is actually closest to the sun?? Earth does not rotate upright –Axis is tilted at 23.5°

Reason for the Seasons In the summer, the northern hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun In the winter, the northern hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun The opposite occurs in the southern hemisphere –Aussies have Christmas in 30°C heat!

Reason for the Seasons The distance between Earth and the Sun has a smaller effect than the tilt of the axis towards the sun Even though Earth is further from the sun during the summer, the northern hemisphere is tilted towards the sun

Reason for the Seasons Winter solstice ~ Dec 22  N. pole tilted farthest from the Sun –Shortest day of the year Summer solstice ~ June 22  N. pole tilted towards sun –More direct (intense) sunlight for longer periods

Reason for the Seasons

Moon’s Motion Theory of origin: A mars-sized body hit a young Earth, blasting material into orbit around it –Material fused together to form the moon and was retained by Earth’s gravitational pull During the night, the moon seems to move across the sky. Why? –Due to Earth’s rotation

Moon’s Motion As the moon completes 1 orbit around Earth, it rotates once on its axis (27.3 days) –We only observe the same side of the moon We cannot see the other side of the moon – nicknamed “the dark side of the moon” –Misnomer: it’s really just the far side of the moon

Phases of the Moon The revolution of the moon around Earth makes the moon appear as if it is changing shape in the sky This is caused by the different angles from which we see the bright part of the moon’s surface The moon doesn’t generate any light itself, it reflects the light of the sun

Phases of the Moon Monthly progression of changes in appearance of the moon are called phases –Resulting from different portions of the moon’s sunlight side being visible from Earth There are 8 distinct, traditionally recognized stages –Beginning with New Moon…

New Moon?

Phases of the Moon 1.New Moon 2.Waxing Crescent Moon 3.Quarter Moon 4.Waxing Gibbous Moon 5.Full Moon 6.Waning Gibbous Moon 7.Last Quarter Moon 8. Waning crescent Moon

Eclipses Eclipse: Phenomenon in which one celestial object moves directly in front of another celestial object –Lunar eclipse –Solar eclipse –Bella eclipse?

Lunar Eclipses Earth’s shadow is divided into 2 parts –Umbra: inner shadow –Penumbra: outer shadow During a lunar eclipse, the full moon passes through the umbra

Solar Eclipses Phenomenon where the shadow of the moon falls on Earth’s surface –Moon is between the sun and Earth ~ 2/year, but you need to be exactly in moon’s umbra  very rare!

Tides What causes tides? –Forces of gravity exerted by the moon and Earth Gravitational force depends on the masses of 2 or more objects and the distance between them –The larger the masses, the greater the force –The lesser the distance, the greater the force The moon is held in orbit due to gravitational forces –The moon’s gravity pulls on the pulls on Earth –The earth’s gravity pulls on the moon

Tides It is not the direct pull of the moon’s gravity that causes tides –It’s the difference between 2 forces: The force of gravity on the side of Earth closest to the moon The force of gravity on the side of earth furthest from the moon –This results in a stretching force, called tidal force

Tidal Force