2012 Pacific Operational Science & Technology Conference March Dr. Steve Gale Senior Adviser for Strategic Opportunities USAID Office of Science & Technology

USAID is the United States’ principal international development agency, devoted to easing suffering, spreading prosperity and increasing security in the developing world. What is USAID?

Where We Work We provide assistance in five regions of the world: Sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, Latin American & the Caribbean, Europe & Eurasia and the Middle East. New USAID Missions since 2000 Afghanistan Iraq Sudan South Sudan Yemen Djibouti Cyprus Pakistan East Timor Thailand (Regional)

INSERT GRAPHIC TO ADD PHOTO Our Top Priorities Disaster Relief/Crisis Response Economic Growth Global Health Food Security Democracy & Governance Climate Change

S&T: One of USAID’s Highest Priorities Development: Science and technology (S&T) are vital for sustainable/lasting success. High S+T Priority: Recognized by President Obama (PPD-6), Secretary of State Clinton (QDDR), and Secretaries of Defense (QDR). Our Goal: Work with DOD to explore dual-use technologies, expand partnerships, and build new ones.

Grand Challenges for Development (GCD) Launched GCDs: Saving Lives at Birth, All Children Reading Upcoming GCDs: Energy, Agriculture Potential GCD: Water? Scientific Partnerships Enhanced collaboration with federal science agencies like DOD, NASA, NSF, NOAA, USGS, and NIH Increased university engagement Programs to support these efforts like LAUNCH with NASA and PEER with NSF Internal S&T Capacity AAAS S&T Policy Fellows (including Overseas Fellows) Scientific Integrity Policy Scientific Professional Development Mission S&T Points of Contact Futures Analysis Geocenter Central GIS support to Agency for augmenting the overall planning, monitoring, evaluation, and communication of development work Technical Support to Missions in Building GIS capacity Science and Technology Office

Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA) Office of the Director Operations Division Program Support Division Disaster Response and Mitigation Division UN/NGO Donor Coordination Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance

Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA) FAST FACTS Number of OFDA disaster responses 7 Number of countries that received OFDA disaster support 56 OFDA’s total budget$1.307 billion OFDA percentage of USAID budget 5.8% Most frequent disasterFloods Most funded sectorLogistics and Relief Supplies

Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA) LARGEST RESPONSES HaitiEarthquake$367.6 million PakistanFloods$115.0 million SudanComplex Emergency $92.9 million IraqComplex Emergency $41.0 million AfghanistanComplex Emergency $29.9 million

Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA)

Emerging HA/DR Challenges INFORMATION COLLECTION  Diversity of information collection/gathering tools from mobile/smart phones, to laptops/tablets, to SMS messages.  Increasing number of non-traditional crisis-information nodes from volunteers, to technical communities, to disaster impacted inhabitants, to worldwide citizens.  Shift away from document-centric and situation reports to real- time, continuously updated information.

Emerging HA/DR Challenges ANALYSIS  Dramatic increase in the volume and velocity of incoming data flows and raising expectations by decision makers.  Continuing shift away from single, non-layered, data sets to composite, multiple visualizations.  Increasing levels/sophistication of analysis within silos, but only modest improvement in sharing and interoperability.

Emerging HA/DR Challenges COMMUNICATIONS  Lack of formal communication protocols with new players on emergency/crisis issues (volunteers, technical community, etc.)  Crowd-sourcing of data requires broader language and cultural skills to form a unified team.  Issues of information security/classification versus open source unclassified information sharing.

QUESTIONS? USAID S+T Office: Dr. Steve Gale,