History of America By: Sam, Olivia, Jeff, and Steve
New Colonies Puritans crossed the Atlantic as refugees fleeing from religious persecution in England They wanted to find “godly commonwealth” in America Thomas Hooker was a Puritan minister who did not agree with the policy of limiting political power to church members.
New Colonies Roger Williams, another Puritan minister who was banished, protested the colonists’ poor treatment of Native Americans Williams and his followers then started their own colony of Providence. Soon he was granted royal charter for the new colony of Rhode Island.
New Colonies -King Charles gave four million hectares of land to Lord Baltimore, a Catholic nobleman and they dominated the colony’s government. -The economy was based on tobacco cultivation
New Colonies -King Charles II used American land to reward his friends and supporters. -William Penn, the son of Admiral William Penn was given a huge piece of land due to King Charles’ debt to the Admiral. - Penn came from a religious group called the Quakers who believed in religious freedom and pacifism.
New Colonies -William Penn established the state of Pennsylvania with the condition that the natives would receive fair compensation -Many German and English farmers immigrated to Pennsylvania due to its flourishing agriculture -The state Carolina derived from the Latin for Charles, Carolus. This state consisted mainly of tobacco plantations and half the population consisted of Carribean slaves from Barbados.
New Colonies The Netherlands, a newly independent country in the mid 17 th century established a colony along the Hudson River called New Amsterdam When this land was captured by King Charles II, he granted this colony to his brother, the Duke of York This fur-trading colony was renamed New York in his honor and prospered as a important port to the English
King Philip’s War In the mid 17 th century, leader of the Pokanoket, named Metacomet also known as King Philip organized the Algonquin groups to challenge the colonists on European expansion due to the deteriorating relations between natives and colonists
King Philip’s War the Iroquois sided with the colonists London government/merchants goals were to incorporate Native Americans as subordinate partners in the fur trade and to make the New World civilized the confrontation resulted in fighting across New England
Colonial Tension Social/political tensions grew with the arrival of more settlers The issues were a reflection of the different societies Virginia had conflicts between established planters and poorer colonists Massachusetts conflict arose because of changing religious
Bacon’s Rebellion Nathaniel Bacon; wealthy Virginian farmer lead the colonists in a frontier war against the Susquehannock Sir William Berkeley ordered an end to the raids to save the relations 1676 Bacon led a revolt against Berkeley and the planter elite, calls for removal of Natives and to end the elitist control over the colony Rebels burn Jamestown and force Berkeley to flee Bacon fell ill & died, rebellion ended
Salem Witch Scare in 1691 several women in the Massachusettes port of Salem were accused of witchcraft throughout 1692 there over 100 men and women accused of involvement in witchcraft 20 individuals were convicted and executed for witchcraft before the new governor ordered a halt to the trials Most commonly accuses were old unmarried or widowed women from religious minorities Salem witch scare revealed social and economic stresses in the colony
King William’s War 1689 English and Iroquois forces attacked Montreal French and Algonquin responded by raids on the frontier settlements and Iroquois communities continuing conflict between English and French forces for control of North America
Emerging Patterns Impact of existing societies and new arrivals (Europeans “civilizing” the Natives) Many new arrivals immigrated searching for economic and religious freedom Differences between the urban and frontier society