Levels of Organization Identify cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms, populations, communities, and ecosystems as levels of organization in the biosphere. Identify the levels of organization in the biosphere including cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems, as well as organisms, populations, communities, and ecosystems.

Levels of Organization Cell—Basic unit of structure and function in organisms. –Some organisms, like bacteria and protists, are unicellular (made entirely of one cell). –Some organisms, like fungi, plants, and animals, are multicellular (made of many cells). –Bacteria have prokaryotic cells. –Protists, Fungi, Plants, and Animals have eukaryotic cells. –In multicellular organisms, cells exhibit cell specialization. They take on specific jobs and look different from each other. –The cells also exhibit division of labor. They split up the work of the organism.

Levels of Organization Tissues—Groups of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function. –3 major tissue types in plants Transport tissue Protective tissue Ground tissue –4 major tissue types in animals Epithelial tissue (Protective) Connective tissue Muscle tissue Nervous tissue

Levels of Organization Organs—structures made of different types of tissues that work together to perform a specific function. –Examples Heart Bone Lungs Stomach Small intestine Liver Large Intestine Gall Bladder Plant Roots Plant Stems Plant Leaves

Levels of Organization Organ Systems—Groups of organs that work together to perform a specific function. –Examples: Digestive system Circulatory system Excretory system Respiratory system Nervous system Muscular system Skeletal system Integumentary system (skin) Endocrine system Immune system Reproductive system Vascular system in plants

Levels of Organization Organism—A complete, individual living thing. Examples: –A single person –A single plant –A single bacterium –A single protist

Levels of Organization Population—Groups of organisms of the same species (kind) that live together in a particular area at a particular time. –Examples: All the mice in Buckhorn –All the people in New Market –All the earthworms in your flower bed. –All the roses in a rose garden. –All the mushrooms (of a particular kind) in a meadow.

Levels of Organization Community—All of the populations of organisms that inhabit the same area at the same time. –Examples: All of the species of grasses, insects, shrubs, mice, and bacteria that live in a particular field.

Levels of Organization Ecosystem—All of the communities of organisms that inhabit an area as well as all of the nonliving components of the area that the organisms interact with. (Communities + Environment). –Examples: All of the trees, plants, and animals in a forest plus all of the water, rocks, air, wind, etc…

Levels of Organization Biosphere—The region of Earth that supports all life. All of the environments and organisms on Earth.

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