© 2009 Pearson Education Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. LAN Technologies Asst. Prof. Chaiporn Jaikaeo,

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© 2009 Pearson Education Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. LAN Technologies Asst. Prof. Chaiporn Jaikaeo, Ph.D. Computer Engineering Department Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand Adapted from the notes by Lami Kaya

2 Ethernet Created by researchers at Xerox PARC in 1973 Most widely used protocol for LANs Current fastest standard is 100 Gigabit Ethernet Developed by IEEE 802.3ba group Approved in June 2010 Newer versions of Ethernet remain backward compatible a new version can sense an older form and automatically adapt to accommodate the older technology

3 Ethernet Frame Format

4 Type Field and Demultiplexing

5 IEEE's Version of Ethernet Known as IEEE LLC – Logical Link Control SNAP – Sub-Network Attachment Point

and Ethernet Compatibility To keep the two versions of Ethernet compatible, a convention is used: If bytes of a frame contain a numeric value less than 1500 the field is interpreted as a packet length and the standard applies Otherwise, the field is interpreted as a type field and the original Ethernet standard applies

7 Ethernet Evolution Thicknet (10 Mbps) Thinnet (10 Mbps) Twisted pair Ethernet (10 Mbps) Fast Ethernet (100 Mbps) Gigabit Ethernet 10 Gigabit Ethernet 40 Gigabit Ethernet 100 Gigabit Ethernet

8 Thicknet or Thick Ethernet Bus topology Also known as 10Base5 10 Mbps500 m

9 Thinnet or Thin Ethernet Bus topology Also known as 10Base2 10 Mbps200 m

10 Twisted-Pair Ethernet Star topology Also known as 10Base-T 100m max cable length (station to hub) 10 MbpsTwisted pair

11 Higher Speed Ethernet Support both twisted-pair cables and optical fibers Fast Ethernet (100 Mbps) Gigabit Ethernet 10 Gigabit Ethernet 40 Gigabit Ethernet 100 Gigabit Ethernet Ethernet hubs have been replaced with Ethernet switches

12 Ethernet Wiring Bus topology

13 Ethernet Wiring Star topology

14 Twisted Pair Cables and RJ45 Twisted pair cable 8P8C (or "RJ45") connector

15 Twisted Pair Cables Straight-Through cables Connect PC to switch/hub Crossover cables Connect PC to PC, or switch/hub to switch/hub