THE ROCK CYCLE Important terms

Weathering The breakdown of rock into smaller pieces The breakdown of rock into smaller pieces There are two big categories of weathering There are two big categories of weathering

Mechanical Weathering Breakdown of rock into smaller pieces by physical means (by force) Breakdown of rock into smaller pieces by physical means (by force)

Mechanical Weathering Mechanical Weathering Video Mechanical Weathering Video Mechanical Weathering Video Mechanical Weathering Video

Mechanical Weathering

Ice Water that seeps into cracks in a rock freezes and expands, breaking the rock Water that seeps into cracks in a rock freezes and expands, breaking the rock

Abrasion The action of rocks and sediments grinding against each other that is caused by: The action of rocks and sediments grinding against each other that is caused by: i). Wind blowing sand/sediments across rocks ii). Water causes rocks to bump along each other in a river or stream iii). Gravity causing a landslide

Plants Plant roots enter cracks in rocks and push the rock apart over time Plant roots enter cracks in rocks and push the rock apart over time

Animals Creatures like earthworms, ants, and moles move sediments around, exposing them to the weather Creatures like earthworms, ants, and moles move sediments around, exposing them to the weather

Chemical Weathering Chemical Weathering Video Chemical Weathering Video Chemical Weathering Video Chemical Weathering Video

Chemical Weathering Chemical breakdown (at a molecular level) of rocks and minerals into new substances Chemical breakdown (at a molecular level) of rocks and minerals into new substances This type of weathering is caused by: This type of weathering is caused by:

Water Over time, water gradually dissolves many minerals Over time, water gradually dissolves many minerals

Acid Acid precipitation = rain that contains acids due to pollution; breaks down rocks Acid precipitation = rain that contains acids due to pollution; breaks down rocks Acid in ground water = some locations have weak acids in groundwater that can break down limestone and form caves Acid in ground water = some locations have weak acids in groundwater that can break down limestone and form caves Acid in living things = lichens produce acids that break down rocks Acid in living things = lichens produce acids that break down rocks

Air Oxygen in the air can cause rocks containing iron to form rust (iron oxide) Oxygen in the air can cause rocks containing iron to form rust (iron oxide)

EROSION The breakdown and transport (movement) of sediments, rocks, and minerals The breakdown and transport (movement) of sediments, rocks, and minerals Erosion is caused by 4 major factors: Erosion is caused by 4 major factors:

Wind The blowing of sediments (typically small particles like sand) The blowing of sediments (typically small particles like sand) Can cause sand dunes to form Can cause sand dunes to form

The Power of Wind Rj6ns Rj6ns Rj6ns Rj6ns

Water Ocean waves change the coastline Ocean waves change the coastline Streams and rivers move sediments Streams and rivers move sediments m/watch?v=ofhQvAu_ L1I m/watch?v=ofhQvAu_ L1I m/watch?v=ofhQvAu_ L1I m/watch?v=ofhQvAu_ L1I

The Power of Waves st=PLYfqHMNCuerqq1- 4wfEXMH9l8JTHXjJIr&index=2 st=PLYfqHMNCuerqq1- 4wfEXMH9l8JTHXjJIr&index=2 st=PLYfqHMNCuerqq1- 4wfEXMH9l8JTHXjJIr&index=2 st=PLYfqHMNCuerqq1- 4wfEXMH9l8JTHXjJIr&index=2

Ice Glaciers (enormous mass of moving ice) can move large amounts of rock Glaciers (enormous mass of moving ice) can move large amounts of rock

The Power of Ice Sw Sw Sw Sw

Gravity Can cause rocks to shift in landslides or more slowly anywhere the ground isn’t level Can cause rocks to shift in landslides or more slowly anywhere the ground isn’t level Z1x8rE Z1x8rE Z1x8rE Z1x8rE

DEPOSITION Takes place when the sediments moved by erosion finally settle Takes place when the sediments moved by erosion finally settle Typically occurs on the ocean bottom, a lake bottom, or the base of a hill/mountain Typically occurs on the ocean bottom, a lake bottom, or the base of a hill/mountain

To Sum Up: Q8 Q8 Q8 Q8