Section 2: Hinduism and Buddhism Develop The beliefs of the Vedic Age develop into Hinduism and Buddhism.

Hinduism –Collection of religious _________________ that developed slowly over time –No _________ founder with a single set of ideas

Origins and Beliefs – B.C. Hindu teachers create Upanishads—______________ of teachings –Each person has _____________—soul united with all others in Brahman –In reincarnation, people ________________ to new lives –A soul’s good and bad deeds, ________________, determines course of new life

Hinduism Changes and Develops –Over last 2,500 years different ________________ of gods grow in importance –Today, Hindus choose own path to ___________—a state of perfect understanding

Hinduism and Society –Hinduism strengthened the ______________ system

New Religions Arise –Jainism, a ___________ religion, arises in 500s B.C. –Jains will ______________ harm any creature –They work in trade, commerce; practice religious ___________________

The Buddha Seeks Enlightenment Siddhartha Gautama –_________________ of Buddhism; priest prophesized his greatness

Siddhartha’s Quest –Raised in __________________, Siddhartha Gautama wants to learn about world –Seeks _________________________ (wisdom), how to escape human suffering –Tries _______________ methods; gains, enlightenment by meditating –Becomes the _________________, the “enlightened one”

Origins and Beliefs –Buddha begins to teach _____________________ –Preaches ____________ Noble Truths—basic philosophy of Buddhism –Fourth Noble Truth is to follow the Eightfold Path to achieve ________________ –Nirvana: a perfect state of _______________ a release from selfishness and _________________ a ______________ from the chain of reincarnations, rebirths –Buddha _________________ caste system and multiple gods of Hinduism

The Religious Community –Some followers devote lives to religion, become _________________ and nuns –Three bases of Buddhism: Buddha, religious ___________________, teachings

Buddhism and Society –Many followers at first among _________________ and lower caste –Monks and nuns ___________________ Buddha’s teachings –Teachings written to become __________________ literature

Buddhism in India –Spreads to other parts of _________________ –Never gains firm hold in ____________________; Hinduism remains strong –Buddhist pilgrims often _________________ India

Trade and the Spread of Buddhism –Buddhism spreads by _______________ to: –Sri Lanka, Burma, Thailand, Sumatra, ________________, Korea, Japan