THE TANG AND SONG DYNASTIES

 Ruled from  Main leaders  Tang Taizong- began Tang dynasty and expanded into North and West  Wu Zhao- led campaign into Korea, only official female emperor of China

 Restored bureaucracy  Larger upper class emerged, called “gentry”  Poetry- Li Bo and Tu Fu  Regained control over Silk Road  Improved the Grand Canal (which had lost the Sui Dynasty support) and roads  Promoted foreign trade and agricultural improvements (terrace farming)

 HEAVY taxes- remember the mandate of heaven?  Defeated by Muslim armies in 751- lost land  Loss of Central Asia caused general decline  Last two emperors murdered in 904 and 907

 Lasted from  Main leader: Song Taizu  Reunited China after warlords split China up into ten separate kingdoms following Tang Dynasty

 Had at least 10 cities with population over 1 million  Imported new variety of rice from Vietnam  Became very successful traders- result was many foreigners living in Chinese cities  Painting with Daoist influences became popular  Carefully studied human anatomy and made models of the body  Made advancements to math and algebra (negative numbers)  Restored civil service exam’s popularity  Spread Buddhism

 Jurchens from Manchuria attacked and established the Jin Empire  Forced Song Dynasty south

 Had major military issues (nomads), but were a significant economic power  Traded with nomads, Jin Dynasty, and people of the Middle East and Europe  The end: Mongols Invade!!!

 Porcelain  Developed in China in late 700s  Developed in Europe in 1708

- China- developed in Europe- introduced in 1176

 Chinese: Block printing- 700s Movable type Europe- Block printing- 1400s; Movable type 1453

 Chinese- 800s  Europe- 1248

 China- 960s  Europe- 1660s

 China: 1080s  Europe: 1187