Chapter 6 Thermal Energy

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 6 Thermal Energy Sections 1 and 2

Temperature The measure of the particle movement or kinetic energy of atoms and molecules in an object.

Absolute zero The lowest temperature possible (-273 °C) when no more energy can be removed from matter, or when particles are no longer moving.

Thermal Energy The total energy of all particles in matter.

Heat Movement of thermal energy from a high temperature to a low temperature.

Conduction: Heat is transferred from one object’s particles to another Heat Transfer Conduction: Heat is transferred from one object’s particles to another

Convection: The mass movement of heated liquid or gas. Heat Transfer cont… Convection: The mass movement of heated liquid or gas. EX. Wind, oven, home heating system.

Radiation Transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves. EX: The sun

Conductors and Insulators A material that absorbs or conducts heat well is a conductor. EX: Metals

Conductors and Insulators Insulators are materials that do not conduct heat well and slow the transfer of energy. EX: Wood, wool, straw, Styrofoam

Specific Heat The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1Kg of a substance by one Kelvin. EX: water has a specific heat of 4.18J/KgxKelvin Units: J/KgxKelvin

Equation for change in Energy or transfer of thermal energy Mass x specific heat x change in temperature Heat added = specific heat x mass x (tfinal - tinitial)

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