Activity 16 Title: Elements and the Periodic Table

Element Family Cards Locate them on Student Sheet 16.1 –Alkali Metals –Alkaline Earth Metals –Halogens –Noble Gases

Families Of the four families you investigated, which two seem the most alike? Which one seems most different from the others? What kinds of properties can you use to distinguish groups of elements?

Properties Classify Elements Physical Properties –Color –Metals/Nonmetals/Metalloids (Semimetals) –Solid, Liquid, or Gas at Room Temperature Chemical Properties –Reactivity –Number of Bonds they form with Hydrogen

Color Color is not a characteristic of such mixtures as plastic products, which can have coloring agents added. Color is a characteristic of pure elements, such as the characteristic yellow of sulfur or the characteristic colors of copper and gold.

Problem: What are elements and how do they relate to compounds? Hypothesis/Initial Thoughts: Procedure: Follow the procedure on pg. B-23 Read B-22

Activity 16 Vocabulary Chemical Formula –A shorthand notation to describe elements and compounds and their reactions HCl + NaOH --- H 2 O + NaCl Compound –A chemical combination of elements Atom –The smallest particle that is characteristic of an element H2OH2OO

Stopping to Think Do not need to be in complete sentences. Summarize what you just read.

Data/Observation: In what way were the ancient Greek philosophers right about elements? –Greeks were right about: everything on earth is made of elements In what way were the ancient Greek philosophers wrong? –Greeks thought the elements were earth, air, water, and fire. Stopping to Think 1 (STT #1)