Types of Federalism
Chronology of U.S. Federalism Founding to Civil War s Post-Bellum Expansion and Progressive Era 1930s New Deal and World War II, Postwar Prosperity 1960s-1970s Great Society and Viet Nam War 1970s-1999 New Federalisms
Dual Federalism
Dual Federalism Courts typically found in favor of the states in disputed law Some exceptions: ie. McCullough Progressives enacted minimum wage laws for women workers, instituted industrial accident insurance restricted child labor improved factory regulation. Expanded schools FDA regulations of drugs and meat Railroads and Anti-trust laws What changed in 1932?
Cooperative Federalism Franklin Roosevelt/New Deal Grants-in Aid/ Intergovernmental Transfers Examples: Forest Fire Prevention, Vocational Education, Maternal health etc. Very specific After 1960’s broad use of funds such as revenue sharing and block grants
Dual versus Cooperative
Centralized Federalism National Government forced states to implement policy by intergovernmental transfers (Grants-in-aid) Medicare/Medicaid Birth Control Federal Aid to Schools Consumer Safety- Auto/Highway Acts War on Poverty- Food Stamps/ Job Corps
DEVOLUTION- NEW FEDERALISM s Nixon and Regan- wanted to return power to the states… give them back policy control Less social programs, Less Central Control, Less Spending But as always…. We argue about What programs, What spending, and What policies to dissolve.
CURRENT- CONFLICTED FEDERALISM All of the above. How do we have dual? How do we have coordinating? How do we have centralized? How do we devolve?