CSCI 101 Final Exam Review Dannelly's Sections

This short overview is not intended to be a complete review for the final exam. Review your notes and homework. Historically in Dannelly's CSCI101 classes, the class average of the final exam is 10 points lower than the midterm average.

Exam Format Comprehensive Exam some questions stolen from midterm and quizzes review the homework assignments Mostly multiple choice. bring a couple of #2 pencils

History General design and internal operation of computers has not changed much in 60 years. Basic Operations are both very simple (add, subtract, compare, …) and limited in number Moore's Law -> transistors per square inch doubles every two years. Cheaper and Faster -> more people use them for more purposes Future likely to include more "cloud" and "wearable"

Hardware Terms binary numbers PC / workstation / server / supercomputer internal components: motherboard CPU RAM (main memory) ROM (small, permanent memory)

Memory Capacity Bit - 0 or 1 Byte - 8 bits KiloByte - approx one thousand bytes MegaByte - approx one million bytes GigaByte - approx one billion bytes TeraByte - approx one trillion bytes

Operating Systems OS is software that controls access to all the hardware resources such as memory, the CPU, and files Allows multiple programs to share the CPU by quickly swapping which process is currently running one CPU can only execute one instruction at a time dual-core CPU can execute two instructions at once Example Operating Systems, among many, are Windows and Linux

Internet Network of Networks Began in 1969 by the DoD now owned by big telecom companies Bandwidth = data capacity Net Neutrality Domain Name - a name that has been registered and tied to an internet address To get your own domain name (such as winthrop.edu) you need to have your own IP address (such as ) and pay a small annual registration fee to ICANN to have an entry in the DNS. Or just rent server space and let them register your domain name.

Viruses virus copies itself and usually destroys files carried by files such as attachments, "free" software, JavaScript inside web pages, etc worm moves around via network devices, no user interaction needed to spread worms trojan horse virus or worm that hides inside another program

Networking Terms LAN local area network connects a small number of computers (less than 100) in a small place (one building) WAN wide area network connects LANS Router the box that connects your LAN to the bigger network Client / Server a method of processing where a central location provides a service, eg web servers and servers Peer-to-Peer (P2P) instead of using a central server, computers talk directly to each other

Communication Media DSL - digital subscriber line uses the same type of twisted pair wire as your phone works well over short distances Cable Modem uses the same wire as your TV cable, which can better handle high bandwidth over long distances Fiber Optic extremely high bandwidth expensive to install and repair, very hard to tap Radio / WiFi the wave of the future?

Software Development Algorithm - a set of steps to solve a problem Programming - turning an algorithm into source code Source Code - the human readable instructions that tell the computer what to do Machine Code - the 0s and 1s version of the source code that the machine understands and executes

Database Terminology Tables a grouping of related information rows and columns Records data about one entity rows Fields attributes, information categories columns Keys Fields that are used to identified individual records, and/or link tables

HTML Tags to Memorize Format of Every Web Page My Home Page This is my home page.

HTML Tags to Memorize … link

HTML Tags to Recognize Lists and Tables

HTML Tags to Recognize Styles a:hover {background:orange; color:blue} h1 {background:maroon; color:gold} <a href ="bob.htm" style="text-decoration:none; color:black">

Interactive Web Pages Forms allows web page user to input information that is submitted to a program running on a web server machine requires a specialized program running on the server to process the data JavaScript instructions run by the web browser on your PC "function" - a block of instructions

Questions? Thurmond 315