Chemical Reaction Types

5 Reaction Types Synthesis Decomposition Combustion Single Replacement Double Replacement

Synthesis Reactions X + Y XY Two substances react to form a single product. X + Y XY

Simple compounds make more complex ones.

Decomposition Reactions A single reactant decomposes or breaks down into two or more products. A B + C (decomposition of a metal chlorate or metal carbonate are the most common)

More complex compounds make less complex ones.

Combustion Reactions Fuel + O2 oxide + H2O One reactant (fuel) combines with oxygen to produce an oxide and water. Fuel + O2 oxide + H2O

The substance reacts with O2 in an exothermic reaction.

Two Types of Combustion Reactions Incomplete combustion: CxHy + 02 CO + H20 Complete Combustion: CxHy + O2 CO2 + H2O

Single Replacement Reactions One, more reactive element, replaces another. M + AX MX + A

One atom takes the place of another.

Two Types of Single Replacement Reactions Single Replacement of a Halogen: Z2 + AX AZ + X2 Single Replacement of a Metal: M + AX MX + A HINT: LOOK AT 1ST REACTANT!!

Double Replacement Reactions A reaction in which the cations and anions of both reactants switch partners. AX + DZ AZ + DX

Two atoms trade places.

Activity Series A list of elements in order of their chemical reactivity and are useful I predicting whether a chemical reaction will occur. For metals- greater activity means an ability to lose electrons easily. For non-metals- greater activity means an ability to gain electrons easily.

Activity of Metals Using the activity series shown in Table 8-3, predict whether each of the possible reactions listed below will occur. Cr(s) + H20(l) Pt(s) + 02(g) Cd(s) + 2HBr Mg(s) + steam

Reaction Type Review

Simple compounds make more complex ones.

One atom takes the place of another.

More complex compounds make less complex ones.

Two atoms trade places.

The substance reacts with O2 in an exothermic reaction.

The End