Physical Science Ch 2 & 3 Test Review
_______ is the rate of change in position. Motion
_______ is how far an object has moved. Distance
_______ is the distance from the starting point. Displacement
_______ is the distance an object travels per unit of time. Speed
_______ is any change over time. Rate
_______ is the equation for speed. Speed = distance time time
_______ is the speed at a given point in time Instantaneous speed
_______ is total distance traveled divided by total time. Average Speed
_______ describes both the speed and direction of an object. Velocity
The difference between velocity and speed is _______. Direction
_______ is the rate of change in velocity. Acceleration
_______ is negative acceleration. Deceleration
_______ is the equation for acceleration. Acceleration = Velocity Time Time
The Greek letter _______ (Δ) stands for _______. Delta change change
A _______ is a push or pull one body exerts on another. Force
_______ forces are equal in size, but opposite in direction. Balanced
_______ forces always cause a change in motion of an object. Unbalanced
_______ forces never cause a change in motion of an object. Balanced
_______ force is when two or more forces combine. Net
_______ is the reason why a table cloth can be quickly removed from a table without disturbing the place settings. Inertia
State Newton’s first law of motion. An object moving at constant velocity keeps moving at that velocity unless a net force acts on it.
_______ is the force that opposes motion between two touching surfaces. Friction
State Newton’s second law as an equation. F=ma
_______ is the value of acceleration due to gravity on the earth. 9.8 m/s 2
What is the equation for weight of an object on the earth? W = mg
_______ is the force air exerts on a moving object. Air Resistance
_______ is the area where two surface “bumps” stick together. Micro welds
State three types of friction. Static, Sliding, & Rolling
_______ friction occurs when an object is not moving. Static
_______ friction is the force opposing motion 2 touching surfaces where micro welds constantly break & reform. Sliding
_______ is the highest velocity that will be reached by a falling object. Terminal Velocity
Terminal velocity is when _______ is equal to _______. Acceleration due to gravity Airresistance
Explain why according to Newton’s 2 nd law of motion why players can’t hit or throw a softball as far as a baseball. Same force is applied thing with greater mass will have a slower acc., so softball bigger mass, will be moving slower than baseball.
_______ is the reason that a person can safely parachute from a high-flying plane. Air Resistance
Why is it that you do not feel the gravitational force between your hand and a pencil that you hold in your hand? In comparison, your hand is insignificant
_______ is the measure of the force of gravity on an object. Weight
Does gravity have any effect on the mass of a substance? NO
What are the four basic forces? GravityElectromagnetic Weak Nuclear Force Strong Nuclear Force
_______ is anything that is thrown or shot through the air. Projectile
_______ motion of a projectile is due to gravity. Vertical
_______ _______ is acceleration toward the center of a curved or circular path. Centripetal Acceleration
_______ _______ is a force acting toward the center of a curved or circular path. Centripetal Force
Explain why something in orbit of the earth seems to be weightless. All falling at same speed
If an object was in circular motion, what path would it travel if the motion stopped? Straight line
State Newton’s third law of motion. For every action there is an equal but opposite reaction
According to Newton’s third law of motion, forces come in _______. pairs
_______ is a property that a moving object has because of it’s mass and velocity. Momentum
_______ is the equation for momentum. p = m v
State the law of conservation of momentum. Momentum can neither be created nor destroyed it just changes forms
_______ states that momentum can neither be created nor destroyed it just changes forms. Law of Conservation of Momentum