Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay Present And Near Future of θ 13 & CPV in Neutrino Experiments Caren Hagner Universität Hamburg Neutrino Mixing and Oscillation Probabilities LBL Accelerator Experiments –under construction: Opera, Icarus, Minos –next generation: T2K, NUMI Off-Axis Reactor Experiments Conclusion

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay Neutrino Mixing θ 23 solar, Kamland atmospheric, K2K θ 13, δ ?? θ 12 CHOOZ

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay Neutrino Oscillations: Vacuum (2 Flavors) Survival probability: L in L osz

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay Neutrino Parameters: Global Fits ParameterBest-fit value Range (3σ) Δm × eV 2 (5.4 ÷ 9.5) × eV 2 |Δm 2 31 | 2.6 × eV 2 (1.5 ÷ 3.7) × eV 2 θ 12 (sin 2 θ 12 ) 33.2 o (0.30) 28.6 o ÷ 38.6 o θ 23 (sin 2 θ 23 ) 46.1 o (0.52) 33.8 o ÷ 58.1 o θ 13 (sin 2 θ 13 ) 4.4 o (0.006) 0 o ÷ 13.4 o (< 0.054) δ CP - 0 ÷ 2π ParameterBest-fit value Range (3σ) Δm × eV 2 (5.4 ÷ 9.5) × eV 2 |Δm 2 31 | 2.6 × eV 2 (1.5 ÷ 3.7) × eV 2 θ 12 (sin 2 θ 12 ) 33.2 o (0.30) 28.6 o ÷ 38.6 o θ 23 (sin 2 θ 23 ) 46.1 o (0.52) 33.8 o ÷ 58.1 o θ 13 (sin 2 θ 13 ) 4.4 o (0.006) 0 o ÷ 13.4 o (< 0.054) δ CP - 0 ÷ 2π Global fit including solar, atmospheric, reactor (Kamland and CHOOZ) and accelerator (K2K) data. M. Maltoni, T.Schwetz, A.M.Tortola, J.W.F.Valle, Phys. Rev. D68 (2003) , hep-ph/ Global fit including solar, atmospheric, reactor (Kamland and CHOOZ) and accelerator (K2K) data. M. Maltoni, T.Schwetz, A.M.Tortola, J.W.F.Valle, Phys. Rev. D68 (2003) , hep-ph/ Fixing Δm 2 atm = 2 × eV 2 they obtain at 90%C.L. (3σ): sin 2 θ 13 ≤ (0.066) sin 2 2θ 13 ≤ 0.14 (0.25)

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay e  e (disappearance experiment) P th = 8.5 GW th, L = 1,1 km, M = 5t overburden: 300 mwe R = 1.01  2.8%(stat)  2.7%(syst) M. Apollonio et. al., Eur.Phys.J. C27 (2003)  m 2 atm =2×10 -3 eV 2 sin 2 2θ 13 < 0.2 (90%  m 2 atm =2×10 -3 eV 2 sin 2 2θ 13 < 0.2 (90% C.L)

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay SK: Evidence For Oscillation Pattern Select events with high resolution in L/E from Noon2004 New!

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay SK: Events with high L/E resolution At 90% CL: Δ m 2 = (1.9 ÷ 3.0) × eV 2 sin 2 2θ ≥ 0.9 At 90% CL: Δ m 2 = (1.9 ÷ 3.0) × eV 2 sin 2 2θ ≥ 0.9

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay Flavor Transition Probabilities with Reactor experiments Δ (α)(α) (anti-v) LBL neutrino beams (In vacuum, on atmospheric osc. scale) precision on θ 23 and Δm 2 31 θ 13, δ CP, mass hierarchy but degeneracies & correlations! clean measurement of θ 13 from Huber, Lindner, Rolinec, Schwetz, Winter hep-ph/

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay Overview: Experiments

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay CNGS Neutrino Beam Cern to Gran Sasso: 730km, = 17GeV Possible channels: v μ → v T appearance v μ → v μ disappearance v μ → v e appearance Possible channels: v μ → v T appearance v μ → v μ disappearance v μ → v e appearance sin 2 2θ 13

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay OPERA Main goal: search for v T appearance: full mixing, 5 years run at 4.5 × pot/year target mass: 1.77 ktons 1.8 kton

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay OPERA: Sensitivity to θ or 7 o Fitting simultaneously E e, miss. p T, E vis method: v e appearance in v μ beam (ε e = 0.7) background: e from τ decay, v e beam contamination, v μ CC events with missing muon (+ another track mimicking e), v μ NC events with neutral pions

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay OPERA: Time Schedule Nov 2003: SM1 magnet RPC installation (ok) Sep 2004: SM1 target installation Jan 2005: BAM and BMS installation July 2005: start filling bricks May 2006: start neutrino beam

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay MINOS Initial conditions: LE option → below τ threshold (3.1GeV) 2.5×10 20 pot/year New request to Fermilab: 25×10 20 pot in 5 years

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay MINOS: How to measure θ 13 + near detector far detector at Soudan Mine: steel & scintillator calorimeter target mass: 5.4 ktons signal: v e appearance in v μ beam (ε e = 0.28) background: e from τ decay (after v μ → v τ ), v e beam contamination (~ 1%), v μ CC events with missing muon (+ another track mimicking e), v μ NC events with neutral pions signal: v e appearance in v μ beam (ε e = 0.28) background: e from τ decay (after v μ → v τ ), v e beam contamination (~ 1%), v μ CC events with missing muon (+ another track mimicking e), v μ NC events with neutral pions

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay MINOS: Time Schedule far detector completed in 2003 now taking atmospheric neutrino data near detector installation starts now beam commissioning starts Dec physics running starts in April 2005 goal in first year: 2.5×10 20 pot

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay Comparison MINOS, ICARUS, OPERA from Huber, Lindner, Rolinec, Schwetz, Winter hep-ph/

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay Comparison MINOS, ICARUS, OPERA from Huber, Lindner, Rolinec, Schwetz, Winter hep-ph/

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay … comparision continued from Huber, Lindner, Rolinec, Schwetz, Winter hep-ph/ After 5 years running (90% C.L.) all combined: sin 2 2θ 13 ≤ 0.06 (90%CL)

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay J-PARC Neutrino Facility approved on Dec construction from (JFY) beam line and near 280m (without 2km detector) start experiment in 2009 approved on Dec construction from (JFY) beam line and near 280m (without 2km detector) start experiment in 2009 Off-axis beam: 1,2,3 o tuned to osc.maximum

T2K: →

T2K: Sensitivity to θ 13 →

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay Numi Off-Axis Experiment (L = 820km) Off-axis beam neutrino energy

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay NUMI Off-Axis: Detectors on the surface target mass ~ 50ktons active material: scintillator or RPC passive material: particle board RPC detector Scintillator detector

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay NUMI Off-Axis: Identification of v e v e event v μ event

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay NUMI Off-Axis: Identification of v e

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay NUMI Off-Axis: Sensitivity to θ 13 Time Schedule: R&D proposal submitted full proposal in march04 start construction Oct06 data taking with 25% of detector in 2008 Time Schedule: R&D proposal submitted full proposal in march04 start construction Oct06 data taking with 25% of detector in 2008

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay Reactor Neutrino Experiments For θ 13 Europe: Double CHOOZ US: Diablo Canyon, Braidwood, China, Brazil Japan: KASKA Idea: similar to CHOOZ reactor experiment, but use near and far detector to reduce systematic error

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay Nuclear reactor 1,2 core(s)  ON/OFF : ok  4 cores  ON/OFF : no ! Nuclear reactor 1,2 core(s)  ON/OFF : ok  4 cores  ON/OFF : no ! Near detector 5-30 tons > 50 mwe Near detector 5-30 tons > 50 mwe Far detector 5-30 tons > 200 mwe Far detector 5-30 tons > 200 mwe D 1 = 0-1 km D 2 = 1-2 km e e, ,  Isotrope e flux (uranium & plutonium fission fragments) Detection tag : e + p  e + + n, ~ 4 MeV, Threshold ~1.8 MeV Disappearance experiment: suppression+shape distorsion between the 2 detectors 2 IDENTICAL detectors (CHOOZ, KamLAND, BOREXINO/CTF type) Minimise the uncertainties on reactor flux & spectrum (2 % in CHOOZ) Cancel cross section uncertainty (1.9 %) Challenge: relative normalisation between the two detectors < 1% ! Reactor Neutrino Experiments: Method near atm. oscill. maximum

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay Reactor Experiments: Sites

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay Japan: KASKA Worlds most powerful nuclear plant! P th = 24.3GW but: 7 reactors

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay KASKA and KAMLAND Now asking for detector R&D money successful negotiations for site negotiating with reactor safety office ? Start construction 2006 ? Start data taking 2008 Now asking for detector R&D money successful negotiations for site negotiating with reactor safety office ? Start construction 2006 ? Start data taking 2008

US: Diablo Canyon

Diablo Canyon: Movable Detectors

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay Reactor Experiments: Sensitivity to θ 13 reactor experiment of D - CHOOZ size: sin 2 2θ 13 ≤ (90%CL) at 90% CL from Huber, Lindner, Rolinec, Schwetz, Winter hep-ph/

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay What can we learn about δ? Complementarity of accelerator and reactor experiments is very important!

Caren Hagner CSTS Saclay Concluding Overview from Huber, Lindner, Rolinec, Schwetz, Winter hep-ph/