CH VIDEO CLIP Respiratory system

Function exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood, the air.

Cellular level Organism level the release of energy: from the breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen.   gas exchange: Respiration

The respiratory system consists of nose pharynx larynx trachea bronchi lungs

Air entering the respiratory system must be: warmed, moistened, and filtered.  Mucus moistens air and traps particles of dust or smoke.  Cilia sweep particles and mucus to the throat.  Mucus and particles are either swallowed or spit out. pollen dust mucus

Pollution Smog Coal Asbestos

The Pharynx 1st The Larynx serves as a passageway for both air and food. It is at the top of the trachea. contains two elastic folds of tissue: vocal cords. Pharynx vs. Larynx

COVERS THE ENTRANCE TO THE TRACHEA WHEN YOU SWALLOW. The epiglottis:

Don’t speak: while you are eating!!! Why

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VIDE Vocal cords

TWO LARGE AIR PASSAGES EACH LEADS INTO ONE OF THE LUNGS SUBDIVIDE = BRANCH INTO BRONCHIOLES The 2 Bronchi (bronchus singular)

INCREASE SURFACE AREA APPROXIMATELY A TENNIS COURT SURFACE AREA Purpose of branching?

Functional units of the lungs

 MILLIONS OF TINY AIR SACS AT THE END OF THE BRONCHIOLES  IS WHERE THE GAS EXCHANGE TAKES PLACE Alveolus

O 2 O 2 from the alveoli diffuses into the blood O2O2 CO 2 CO 2 CO 2 in the blood diffuses into the alveolus.

Respiratory and circulatory systems work together

Hemoglobin Protein present in red blood cells Fe (iron) It has Fe (iron) heme part heme part that binds to O 2

FLAT MUSCLE THAT SEPARATES THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY FROM THE THORACIC CAVITY. H?V=HP-GCVW8PRY What is the diaphragm?

The movement of air into and out of the lungs. The movement of air into and out of the lungs. BFFu2ekw  Is driven by air pressure: ∆ the diaphragm contracts ∆ This expands the volume of the chest cavity. ∆ Creating a partial vacuum inside the cavity. Breathing

The medulla oblongata Controls breathing Monitors carbon dioxide in the blood. As carbon dioxide increases, nerve impulses make the diaphragm contract, bringing air into the lungs. The higher the carbon dioxide level, the stronger the impulses.

is most often caused by smoking and long-term exposure to air pollution. Lung tissue looses elasticity alveoli are unable to hold their functional shape upon exhalation. Emphysema

Lung cancer is deadly because its cells can spread to other locations. Lung cancer