Causes 1.Mercantilism and Navigation laws – not enforce very hard (salutary neglect). Prohibited economic self-sufficiency 2.Proclamation Line of The royal veto -used sparingly

George Grenville’s Program, Enforce Navigation Act 2.Sugar Act Currency Act Quartering Act – Stamp Act

Stamp Act Crisis Loyal Nine – 1765 Sons of Liberty – began in NYC -most famous group was located in Boston and headed by Samuel Adams Non-importation movement Such an uproar that Parliament repelled the Stamp Act, but drew line in the sand Declaratory Act -1766

1767  William Pitt, P. M. & Charles Townshend, Secretary of the Exchequer. Shift from paying taxes for Br. war debts & quartering of troops  paying col. govt. salaries. Shift from paying taxes for Br. war debts & quartering of troops  paying col. govt. salaries. He diverted revenue collection from internal to external trade. He diverted revenue collection from internal to external trade. Tax these imports  paper, paint, lead, glass, tea. Tax these imports  paper, paint, lead, glass, tea. Increase custom officials at American ports  established a Board of Customs in Boston. Increase custom officials at American ports  established a Board of Customs in Boston. Townshend Duties Crisis:

1. John Dickinson  1768 * Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania  2 nd non-importation movement: * “Daughters of Liberty” * spinning bees 3. Riots against customs agents: * John Hancock’s ship, the Liberty. * 4000 British troops sent to Boston. Colonial Response to the Townshend Duties

Tar and Feathering

The Boston Massacre ( March 5,1770 )

The Gaspee Incident (1772) Providence, RI coast

Committees of Correspondence Purpose  warn neighboring colonies about incidents with Br.  broaden the resistance movement.

Tea Act (1773) 8 British East India Co.:  Monopoly on Br. tea imports.  Many members of Parl. held shares.  Permitted the Co. to sell tea directly to cols. without col. middlemen (cheaper tea!) 8 North expected the cols. to eagerly choose the cheaper tea.

Boston Tea Party (1773)

The Coercive or Intolerable Acts (1774) Lord North 1. Port Bill 2. Government Act 4. Administration of Justice Act 3. New Quartering Act

The Quebec Act (1774)

First Continental Congress (1774) 55 delegates from 12 colonies Agenda  How to respond to the Coercive Acts & the Quebec Act? 1 vote per colony represented.

The British Are Coming... Paul Revere & William Dawes make their midnight ride to warn the Minutemen of approaching British soldiers.

The Shot Heard ’ Round the World ! Lexington & Concord – April 18,1775

The Second Continental Congress (1775) Olive Branch Petition

Thomas Paine : Common Sense

Declaration of Independence (1776)

Declaration of Independence

Independence Hall

New National Symbols