Carbon Compounds 2c Int

What type of carbon to carbon bonds are present in the alkanes and the cycloalkanes Single - saturated

What type of carbon to carbon bond is present in the alkenes C=C unsaturated

Describe the chemical test to distinguish an unsaturated alkene from a saturated alkane/cycloalkane. Unsaturated hydrocarbons (alkenes) decolourise bromine

ADDITION Name the type of reaction which takes place when an unsaturated alkene reacts with bromine, hydrogen or water

Name the product of the reaction between butene and hydrogen BUTANE

Name the type of chemical reaction taking place. C 5 H 10 + Br 2 C 5 H 10 Br 2

What is meant by cracking? Breaking large hydrocarbons into smaller, more useful ones.

Apart from speeding up the reaction suggest another reason why a catalyst is used in cracking. Lower temperatures are used

Name a catalyst used in cracking. Aluminium oxide or silicate catalyst.

Name the new homologous series produced by cracking long chain hydrocarbons. Alkenes

Name the method of producing ethanol from glucose. Fermentation

What is used as a catalyst in fermentation? An enzyme in yeast

Why is there a limit to the alcohol concentration produced by fermentation? The alcohol kills the yeast.

Name the process used to increase the ethanol concentration in ‘spirit’ drinks. Distillation

Name the method of producing industrial ethanol. Hydration of ethene - adding water onto ethene C 2 H 4 + H 2 O C 2 H 5 OH

Name the chemical reaction which takes place when ethanol is converted to ethene. DEHYDRATION

NAME THE TYPE OF CHEMICAL REACTION TAKING PLACE. C 2 H 5 OH C 2 H 4 + H 2 O DEHYDRATION

What can ethanol be mixed with to provide a fuel for cars? Petrol

Which plant is ethanol obtained from for use as a source of energy? Sugar cane

Is ethanol an renewable or non- renewable source of energy? RENEWABLE

Name the type of chemical reaction which takes place when esters are formed. Condensation

Name the two different types of compounds which react together to form a ester. An alcohol and a carboxylic acid.

Name the type of chemical reaction which is taking place. H C C C C H H O OH H H H H HO C C H H H H H H C C C C H H O O H H H H C C H H H H H + H 2 O CONDENSATION

Name the ester produced from methanol and propanoic acid Methyl propanoate Ethanol and methanoic acid ethyl methanoate

Name the type of chemical reaction which takes when an ester is broken down into its parent acid and alcohol. HYDROLYSIS

Name the alcohol and carboxylic acid produced when ethyl butanoate is hydrolysis. Ethanol and butanoic acid H C C C C H H O O H H H H C C H H H H H

Carbon Compounds 2c Int