ADA Driveways and Ramps Sheila Lyons, PE David Joe Polly, PE, PLS, WRE Rodger Gutierrez, EIT Roadway Conference 2010

ADA: Its the Law!

Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 United States Public Laws 101 st Congress – 2 nd Session Public Law (S. 933); 101 Enacted S P.L. 336; 104 Stat. 327; 1990 Enacted S 933; 101 Enacted S 933

Where do you find the Standards? US ACCESS BOARD

Two sets of Regulations ADAAG – Americans with Disabilities Accessibility Guidelines PROWAG – Public Rights of Way Accessibility Guidelines

FHWA has recognized PROWAG as …currently recommended best practices and can be considered the state of the practice… Memo – Jan 23, 2006

2009 MUTCD Has also adopted many PROWAG guidelines:

Section 4E-08: Positioning of pedestrian pushbuttons and legends on pushbutton signs shall clearly indicate which crosswalk signal is activated by which pushbutton by:

Be mindful of ADA reach ranges Salem OR

ADA is Simple Sidewalks require 4 x 4 x 7 clear passage

Six Principles of Ramp Construction

NO LIP 1.There should be NO LIP at the end of the ramp

2 Max. Algebraic difference between the ramp 11 slope and the street or gutter slope 11.

3 Traversable Path slopes in ONE DIRECTION ONE DIRECTION at a time.

level landing 4Provide 4 square level landing at top of ramp.

Truncated Domes 5Provide Truncated Domes at base of ramp (2 x ramp width).

6 DONT BLOCK the Pedestrian Access Route!

Maximum Extent Feasible – defined Maximum Extent Feasible – defined Advisory R202.3 Alterations. From the U.S. Department of Justice title III regulation at 28 CFR Alterations: "The phrase to the maximum extent feasible, … applies to the occasional case where the nature of an existing facility makes it virtually impossible to comply fully with applicable accessibility standards through a planned alteration. In these circumstances, the alteration shall provide the maximum physical accessibility feasible. Any altered features of the facility that can be made accessible shall be made accessible. If providing accessibility in conformance with this section to individuals with certain disabilities (e.g., those who use wheelchairs) would not be feasible, the facility shall be made accessible to persons with other types of disabilities (e.g., those who use crutches, those who have impaired vision or hearing, or those who have other impairments)." Advisory R202.3 Alterations. From the U.S. Department of Justice title III regulation at 28 CFR Alterations: "The phrase to the maximum extent feasible, … applies to the occasional case where the nature of an existing facility makes it virtually impossible to comply fully with applicable accessibility standards through a planned alteration. In these circumstances, the alteration shall provide the maximum physical accessibility feasible. Any altered features of the facility that can be made accessible shall be made accessible. If providing accessibility in conformance with this section to individuals with certain disabilities (e.g., those who use wheelchairs) would not be feasible, the facility shall be made accessible to persons with other types of disabilities (e.g., those who use crutches, those who have impaired vision or hearing, or those who have other impairments)."

Urban Driveway Design David Joe Polly, PE, PLS, WRE Senior Standards Engineer

Chapter 9 HDM TYPE A – Non-curbed, ditch section highway with radius style approach. TYPE A – Non-curbed, ditch section highway with radius style approach. TYPE B – Curbed highway section with dust pan style approach. TYPE B – Curbed highway section with dust pan style approach. Type C – Curbed highway section with radius style approach. Type C – Curbed highway section with radius style approach.

How can we make the level landing work?

The length of the MASH test vehicle 18 – 8 to 20 – 10 Half-ton, 2 wheel-drive, pickup truck with four full-sized doors

1966 Technical Bulletin No.19

2003 Highway Design Manual

But the grades just will not fit, Dave. Now what do we do?

18 approach – car 12 travel lane – 6 shoulder k=5, p=3.5, sidewalk=6

36 approach – Single Unit Truck (SU) 12 travel lane – 6 shoulder k=5, p=7, sidewalk=6

Sidewalk Ramp Questions What information is needed in the plans to construct? What information is needed in the plans to construct? What information is needed in Inroads to construct? What information is needed in Inroads to construct? When deviating from the standard drawing – what dimensions & information is needed on a detail to construct? When deviating from the standard drawing – what dimensions & information is needed on a detail to construct? How to determine which ramp style to use, when to use two or more How to determine which ramp style to use, when to use two or more

Information needed to construct? 8. Construct Ramp, Option K per Std Dwg RD Construct Parallel Sidewalk Ramp per Std Dwg RD 755

Information needed to construct? Determine the appropriate ramp design and confirm that it is constructible Determine the appropriate ramp design and confirm that it is constructible Communicate the design to the contractor & inspector Communicate the design to the contractor & inspector

Information needed to construct? Will a parallel ramp fit? Will a parallel ramp fit? 2% / 5%4% 25 Curb Radius POP QUIZ

Information needed in Inroads? CAD file has the info CAD file has the info Horizontal & Vertical Data Horizontal & Vertical Data Slope of cross-street Slope of cross-street Distance along curb alignment Distance along curb alignment

Information needed in Inroads? CAD file has the info CAD file has the info Horizontal & Vertical Data Horizontal & Vertical Data Slope of cross-street Slope of cross-street Distance along curb alignment Distance along curb alignment Spot Elevations Spot Elevations

Which ramp style to use? Constraints Constraints Curb radius Curb radius Sidewalk width & setback Sidewalk width & setback Property Line / ROW constraints Property Line / ROW constraints Crosswalk alignment & traffic signals Crosswalk alignment & traffic signals Preferences Preferences Two ramps Two ramps 90-degrees 90-degrees

Which Standard Dwg to use? RD 755 = physical design of ramp RD 755 = physical design of ramp

Which Standard Dwg to use? RD 756 = placement options for ramps < ~15 radius or wide setback RD 756 = placement options for ramps < ~15 radius or wide setback

Which Standard Dwg to use? RD 757 = placement options for ramps >~15 radius or narrow setback RD 757 = placement options for ramps >~15 radius or narrow setback

ADA Criteria for Ramps 1. Maximum gradeX – 8.33% for 15 / 10% for 5 / 12.5% for 2 2. Change in grade < 13% ? 3. The ramp slope in one direction ? 4. Lip must < ¼, 0 preferred 4. Lip must < ¼, 0 preferred 5. 4' x 4' level landing 5. 4' x 4' level landing 6. 4-foot level walking path 6. 4-foot level walking path 7. Truncated domes 7. Truncated domes RD 756 Option K – Diagonal Parallel Ramp

ADA Criteria for Ramps 1. Maximum grade 1. Maximum grade 2. Change in grade 2. Change in grade 3. Slope in one direction ? 4. Lip must < ¼ 4. Lip must < ¼ 5. 4' x 4' level landing 5. 4' x 4' level landing 6. 4-foot level walking path 6. 4-foot level walking path 7. Truncated dome 7. Truncated dome 8.23% % RD 756 Option A - Perpendicular Ramp w/ Landscaped Buffer Strip

ADA Criteria for Ramps 5.17% % RD 756 Option B or C - Perpendicular Ramp for wide / narrow sidewalk

ADA Criteria for Ramps RD 756 Option D – Diagonal Ramp for wide sidewalks % 4.7% 6.9% 2%

ADA Criteria for Ramps RD 756 Option E – Diagonal- Parallel Ramp 2% 7.9% 2.5% 8.25%

ADA Criteria for Ramps RD 757 Option G - Perpendicular Ramps for narrow sidewalks

ADA Criteria for Ramps RD 757 Option H – Parallel Ramps for narrow sidewalks

ADA Criteria for Ramps RD 757 Option I – Combination Ramps for Wide Sidewalks

ADA Criteria for Ramps RD 757 Option J – Diagonal Ramp with Landscaped Buffer Strip

Information needed on plans if referencing Standard Dwg Plans need to communicate the design to the contractor & inspector Plans need to communicate the design to the contractor & inspector Standard Drawing # and letter Standard Drawing # and letter If necessary, add unique detail If necessary, add unique detail

Information needed on plans if NOT referencing Std Dwg Plans need to communicate the design to the contractor & inspector Plans need to communicate the design to the contractor & inspector Unique detail Unique detail Reference notes on standard drawing Reference notes on standard drawing Spot elevations / dimensions Spot elevations / dimensions

Which spot elevations are needed? Gutter at throat of ramp Gutter at throat of ramp Top Face of Curb at top of wing Top Face of Curb at top of wing Top of ramp Top of ramp Extents of Level Landing Extents of Level Landing Back of Walk Back of Walk

Case Study: When Unique Ramp Needed

InRoads– When is a detail needed?

AnyQuestions?