Unit 5 Notes Page 1-2 January 2. Welcome back! Today: – Today you will be able to: Describe the history of the periodic table Describe how elements are.

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Presentation transcript:

Unit 5 Notes Page 1-2 January 2

Welcome back! Today: – Today you will be able to: Describe the history of the periodic table Describe how elements are organized in the periodic table – Periodic Table Activity – Notes

Historical Context The Periodic Table shows every known element But it wasn’t always how it is today

Classical Elements, 450 BCE

Funny:

“A Table of Chymicall and Philosophicall Charecters”, 1670

Elements, John Dalton, 1608

Telluric Screw, 1862

Octaves, John Newlands, 1865

Periodic Table Activity ~30 minutes to complete Groups of 3-4 people Turn in: – Lab sheet for EACH PERSON – Set of cards for each GROUP Turn in before end of class today Keep cards nice, paper clip together and turn in

Properties Some useful vocab: – Allotropic – exists in more than one form – Metalloid – between a metal and nonmetal – Base – opposite of an acid Name Symbol Various Properties ~ Atomic Mass

Periodic Table Activity Elements will fit in a square 8 across, 5 down

I. History Ch. 5 - The Periodic Table

Mendeleev, 1869

Modern Periodic Table

Sheehan, 1976

Alternative Table: “System Québécium”, 2002

Alternative Table: Makeyev, 2011

As art: Elemental Garden Rebecca Kamen, 2009

History of the Periodic Table Now it’s note-taking time!

A. Mendeleev Dmitri Mendeleev (1869, Russian) – Organized elements by increasing atomic mass – Grouped known elements by their properties – Some discrepancies in placement: Iodine (127) after Tellurium (128)

A. Mendeleev Dmitri Mendeleev (1869, Russian) – Predicted properties of undiscovered elements.

B. Moseley Henry Moseley (1913, British) – Organized by increasing atomic number. – Resolved discrepancies in Mendeleev’s arrangement.

II. Organization of the Elements

Review Period: – Horizontal Group/Family: – Vertical

A. Metallic Character Metals Nonmetals Metalloids – Boron (B), Silicon (Si), Germanium (Ge), Arsenic (As), Antimony (Sb), Tellurium (Te) B - Big Si - Sized Ge - Gerbils As – Assure Sb - Some Big Te - Teasing

B. Blocks s p d f Main group

C. Chemical Reactivity Families – Similar valence e - within a group result in similar properties – They have similar valence configurations

B. Chemical Reactivity Alkali Metals Alkaline Earth Metals Transition metals Inner transition metals Halogens Noble Gases* s1s1 s2s2  d-block  f-block s2p5s2p5 s2p6s2p6

Noble Gases Are unreactive due to their full valence configurations S 2 p 6 – cannot fit any more electrons in that energy level