Preparing for a Joint Needs Assessment (JNA) and Recovery Framework (RF) Presentation of the UN/WB JNA Preparation Mission

OUTLINE 1. The Joint Needs Assessment (JNA) Approach 2. Prioritizing needs 3. Recovery planning and costing 4. Developing a results-based recovery framework and monitoring

1. The Joint Needs Assessment Approach

The Joint NA Approach  Jointly: identify, prioritize and finance recovery and development needs for countries in transition.  Focus: Deepening peace and security Deepening peace and security Transition from relief to development Transition from relief to development Community and institutional capacity building Community and institutional capacity building Economic stabilization and recovery Economic stabilization and recovery  Covering key priority sectors and cross-cutting issues

Stakeholders Participatory and consultative: Somali authorities and people Somali authorities and people Local and international CSOs/NGOs Local and international CSOs/NGOs Regional Entities – IGAD, AU, Arab League Regional Entities – IGAD, AU, Arab League United Nations, World Bank United Nations, World Bank Donors Donors

Guiding Principles  Keep it simple  National ownership and participation  Broad support from all partners: “One team approach” – regular consultations  Legitimacy  Credibility: High quality analysis and realistic expectations  Prioritize, integrate and sequence: Quick wins  Do no harm: peace-building and reconciliation

Do No Harm  Adopt a conflict analysis framework: consider factors affecting conflict when developing recovery strategies, policies and programs: Analyse causes and impact of conflict Analyse causes and impact of conflict Examine linkages between poverty and conflict Examine linkages between poverty and conflict  In order to deepen peace building and support reconciliation efforts

Recent Experiences  Recent post-conflict needs assessments in Timor Leste, Afghanistan, Iraq, Liberia, Haiti and Sudan  Similar needs, issues and priorities  But each JNA is very different, respecting contexts, objectives and processes  Importance of substance and process (confidence building, enhanced cooperation)

2.Prioritizing Needs

National Vision  Based on a national vision, Somalia in 2010, taking into account: Challenges Challenges Opportunities Opportunities  National sources, e.g.: Transitional Federal Charter Transitional Federal Charter Peace process Peace process  International sources, e.g.: International human rights instruments International human rights instruments Millennium Development Goals Millennium Development Goals

Millennium Development Goals 1. Halving extreme poverty and hunger 2. Achieving universal primary education 3. Promoting gender equality 4. Reducing child mortality by two-thirds 5. Reducing maternal mortality by three-quarters 6. Reversing the spread of HIV/AIDS, malaria and TB 7. Ensuring environmental sustainability 8. Developing a global partnership for development with targets for aid, trade and debt relief

Selective MDGs in focus GOALTARGETINDICATORS Achieve universal primary education By 2015, children everywhere are able to complete a full course of primary schooling  Gross enrolment in primary education- boys, girls, total  Proportion of pupils starting grade 1 who reach grade 5- boys, girls, total  Literacy rates of year olds- men, women, total Reduce child mortality Reduce by two thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under -5 mortality rate  Under-5 mortality rate  Infant mortality rate  Proportion of 1-year olds immunized against measles Ensure environmental sustainability (water focus) Half by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water Proportion of population with sustainable access to improved water source

Identifying Priority Clusters  Substantive priorities reflecting consensus among national parties and other stakeholders  Priorities: Strategic Strategic Realistic Realistic Integrated Integrated Nexus between conflict and development Nexus between conflict and development Focus on recovery Focus on recovery

Cross-cutting Issues  Affecting all or majority of priority clusters  Integrate to ensure that outcomes, programs and inputs reflect these issues Example – Gender in clusters/sub-clusters: Example – Gender in clusters/sub-clusters: Education: Girls education Education: Girls education Health: Reproductive health Health: Reproductive health Governance, rule of law: Property and inheritance rights for women Governance, rule of law: Property and inheritance rights for women Livelihoods: Increasing number of women as bread winners Livelihoods: Increasing number of women as bread winners

Steps for Priority Clusters  Identify sector objectives and priorities  Undertake conflict analysis  Assess national/local implementation capacities  Develop action programs to achieve objectives  Mainstream cross-cutting issues  Prepare a results-based framework  Cost development assistance needs

Methodology  Review of baseline documents  Commission thematic reports and inputs  Sector working papers  Field observations/assessments  Focus group consultations  Thematic workshops  National stakeholder consultations  Use of national expertise, international consultants and advisory services from UN system, World Bank, and donors

3. Recovery Planning and Costing

OBJECTIVES  For each cluster/sub-cluster (eg. Water): Identify time bound output targets; Identify time bound output targets; Develop action programs to attain these agreed output targets; and Develop action programs to attain these agreed output targets; and Estimate the financial resources needed to implement the planned action programs. Estimate the financial resources needed to implement the planned action programs.

Outcome Target Setting  For each cluster and sub-cluster: Reflect country situation and regional differences Reflect country situation and regional differences National objectives and MDGs provide longer-term targets National objectives and MDGs provide longer-term targets Identify ambitious but realistic outcome targets for two and five year timeframes (e.g. percentage of household with access to safe drinking water) Identify ambitious but realistic outcome targets for two and five year timeframes (e.g. percentage of household with access to safe drinking water)

Deficit analysis - illustration

Action Program Development and Costing  Identify action programs to achieve agreed outcomes for each cluster and sub-cluster, through a Transitional Results Matrix framework  Assess cost of these action programs  Over time own resources will increasingly replace donor funds as primary source of financing

4. Developing a Results-based Recovery Framework and Monitoring

Transitional Results Matrix  Identifies key time bound outcomes and action programs and places them in a simply calendar frame  Clarifies expectations and forces prioritization  Highlights sequencing and linkages  Outlines key responsibilities  Provides monitoring mechanism and hence facilitates corrective actions

Guidelines  Build upon the best possible baseline data  Disaggregate as needed to reflect important, e.g. regional and gender differences  Be realistic when selecting benchmarks and monitorable targets  Involve all stakeholders fully in selecting benchmarks and indicators  Regularly review and be prepared to revise in response to unforeseen developments

Methodology  Identify major results and outcomes first  Work backwards to establish interim targets, benchmarks and indicators  Include time for consultations, investigation of options, decision-making, capacity building and implementation  Establish needed information and monitoring systems  Keep it simple!

Example – Water for Human Consumption Outcome  MDG target is to halve the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water by 2015  Possible recovery program goal – reduce the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water by 20 percent by 2010 Outputs  Physical: # of water points constructed or rehabilitated providing safe and reliable water Indicator  Proportion of population with sustainable access to safe drinking water

Target outcome Base- line Key Actions Year 1 Year 2 Year –halve the proportion of people without access to safe drinking water 2010 – reduce by 20 % the proportion of people without access to safe drinking water About 20% have assess to reliable and safe drinking water in Preliminary assessments completed - Construction and rehabilitation of water sources initiated - X % of water points constructed/ rehabilitation - % of X technicians and entrepreneurs trained - Arrange for NGO participation in service delivery - Targets for water points and boreholes met - Ongoing infrastructure construction - X % of technicians and entrepreneurs trained

Uses  Meetings – government-community, government-donors etc  Sector coordination  Scheduling actions e.g. contracts for roads, legislation, data collection  Organizing funding, technical assistance and capacity building  Managing monitoring