XP New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 1 Browser Basics Introduction to the Web and Web Browser Software Tutorial 1

XP New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 2 Objectives Learn about the Internet and the World Wide Web. Learn how Web browser software displays Web pages. Learn how Web page addresses are constructed. Become familiar with the main functions common to all Web browsers.

XP New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 3 Objectives Save and organize Web addresses using Favorites in Microsoft Internet Explorer. Save Web page text and graphics using Internet Explorer.

XP New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 4 Objectives Save and organize Web addresses using Bookmarks in Mozilla Firefox. Save Web page text and graphics using Mozilla Firefox.

XP New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 5 The Internet Computers connected to each other form a network. Internet: a interconnected network that connects computers all over the world using a common set of interconnection standards.

XP New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 6 The World Wide Web World Wide Web (WWW): a subset of the computers on the Internet that use software to make their contents easily accessible to each other.

XP New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 7 The World Wide Web Web servers: Computers connected to the Internet that contain files their owners have made available publicly through their Internet connections. Web browser: software that you run on your computer to make it work as a Web client.  Microsoft Internet Explorer  Mozilla Firefox

XP New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 8 The World Wide Web When you use your Internet connection to become part of the Web, your computer becomes a Web client in a worldwide client/server network.

Client/Server Structure of the World Wide Web New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 9

XP New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 10 Hypertext, Links, and Hypermedia When a Web browser displays a Web page, it is displaying a HTML document.  Hypertext Markup Language (HTML): standard language used on the Web to format documents.  HTML document: a text file that contains HTML tags.  HTML uses codes (tags) to tell the Web browser software how to display text.

XP New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 11 Hypertext, Links, and Hypermedia HTML anchor tag: enables HTML documents to link to each other. Hypertext links: can connect HTML documents together; can also connect one part of HTML document to another part. Hypermedia links: hyperlinks that connect to computer files that contain pictures, graphics, and media objects such as sound and video clips.

XP New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 12 Web Site Organization Web site: a collection of linked Web pages with a common theme or focus. Home page  the main page for a particular Web site.

XP New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 13 Addresses on the Web Internet Protocol Address (IP): unique id number given to each computer on the Web. Domain name: unique name associated with specific IP address.  (IP address)  (Domain name) The last part of domain name is called its top- level domain (TLD).

XP New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 14 Addresses on the Web Domain Name Software (DNS): coordinates IP addresses and domain names for all computers attached to it.

Common Top Level Domains (TLDs) New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 15

XP New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 16 Uniform Resource Locators (URL) Four-part addressing scheme tells the Web browser: Transfer protocol to use when transporting the file. Domain name of computer on which file resides. Pathname of folder or directory on computer on which file resides. Name of the file.

XP New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 17 Uniform Resource Locators Structure of a Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

XP New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 18 Main Elements of Web Browsers Title Bar Scroll Bars Status Bar Menu Bar Page Tab Home Button

Main Elements of the Internet Explorer Program Window New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 19

Main Elements of the Firefox Program Window New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 20

XP New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 21 Returning to Web Pages Previously Visited Using Favorites and Bookmarks  Internet Explorer - save the URL of a site you would like to revisit as a Favorite in the Favorites folder.  Firefox - use a Bookmark to save the URL of a specific page so you can return to it. Using the History List  Back button  Forward button

XP New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 22 Creating a Bookmark for a Web Site Saving a Bookmark File to a Disk:  Click Bookmarks on the menu bar, and then click Manage Bookmarks.  Click File on the menu bar, and then click Export.  Select the drive and folder into which you want to save the bookmark file.  Type a name for the bookmark file.  Click the Save button.

XP New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 23 Returning to Web Pages Previously Visited Cookie  A small file that a Web server writes to the disk of the client computer.  Can contain information about the user such as login names and passwords.  Assists in performing functions such as automatic login.  User is often unaware that the files are being written to the computer’s disk drive.

XP New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 24 Managing Cookies (Firefox) Firefox stores all cookies in one file and gives users a tool to manage that file. Click Tools on the menu bar, click Options, click the plus sign next to Cookies. Click the View Cookies button to view individual cookies. Select a cookie, and then click the Remove Cookie button to delete it. To delete all cookies that have been stored on your computer, click the Remove All Cookies button.

XP New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 25 Reloading a Web Page and Stopping a Web Page Transfer The browser stores a copy of every Web page it displays on your computer’s hard drive in a cache folder. Use the Refresh button in Internet Explorer or the Reload button in Firefox to load the same Web page that appears in the browser window again.

XP New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 26 Printing and Saving Web Pages You can use a Web browser to print a Web page. You can save copies of most Web pages as files that you can store on your computer’s hard disk, floppy disk, etc. Some Web pages are written to make copying and saving difficult or impossible.

XP New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 27 Reproducing Web Pages and Copyright Law Fair use is a provision that allows students to use limited amounts of copyrighted information in term papers and other reports in an academic setting. Source must always be cited. Commercial use of copyright more restricted. Obtain permission from copyright holder before using anything you copy from a Web page.

XP New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 28 Using Internet Explorer to Save a Web Page You can save entire Web pages, selected portions of Web page text, or particular graphics from a Web page to a disk. You can save portions of Web page text so you can use it in other programs. You can save a graphic from a Web page by right-clicking on the picture and clicking Save Picture As.

XP New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 29 Checking Web Page Security (Firefox) A closed padlock symbol (the security indicator button) appears in the status bar when Firefox loads an encrypted Web page. Encryption is a way of scrambling and encoding data transmissions that reduces the risk that a person who intercepts the Web page as it travels across the Internet will be able to decode and read the page’s contents. To check some of the security elements of a Web page,  double-click the security indicator button  click Tools, Page Info, and then click the Security tab

XP New Perspectives on The Internet, Sixth Edition— Comprehensive Tutorial 1 30 Using Firefox to Save a Web Page You can store entire Web pages, selected portions of Web page text, or particular graphics from a Web page to a disk. You can save portions of Web page text so you can use it in other programs. You can save a graphic from a Web page by right-clicking on the picture and clicking Save Image As.