© 2009 CIS 1 Team Dynamics  Tuckman Team Development Model  Practical Considerations  Hints for Working in Teams

© 2009 CIS 2 Objectives Following this lecture, you should Understand the process of team formation Understand important considerations in joining and forming teams

© 2009 CIS 3 Tuckman Team Development Model  Four stages to high performance Forming Storming Norming Performing  Two areas of personal development Personal relationships Task functions

© 2009 CIS 4 Stages of Team Development  Each stage is needed Each stage builds on the previous stage Skipping a step negatively affects team performance  For each major new challenge or change, the process repeats

© 2009 CIS 5 Forming  Establishing base level expectations for the work to be done  Agreeing on common goals  Making contact - getting to know each other  “Why are we here?”

© 2009 CIS 6 Forming  Typical of this stage milling around, confusion, impersonal, polite / superficial  Action steps set goals establish roles identify team members team member introductions set initial ground rules continued

© 2009 CIS 7 Storming  Expressing differences of ideas, feelings, opinions  Reacting to leadership  Team members are independent, not working together

© 2009 CIS 8 Storming  Typical of this stage frustration, attacking, conflict, cliques, feeling stuck  Action steps listen to each other spend time together work actively to set a supportive environment build trust by honoring commitments continued

© 2009 CIS 9 Norming  Developing team patterns that work  Cohesion beginning  Establish procedures  Giving constructive feedback  Confronting issues

© 2009 CIS 10 Norming  Typical of this stage members agree about roles and processes for problem solving decisions made through negotiation and consensus building  Action steps recognize and reinforce “synergy” behavior share rewards for successes constant communication share responsibility delegate freely within the team be selective of new team members continued

© 2009 CIS 11 Performing  Team members feel very motivated  High pride in the team  “We” versus “I” orientation  Individuals defer to team needs  High trust  High openness and support  Little waste - very efficient team operations  OK to risk confrontation  Superior team performance

© 2009 CIS 12 Practical Considerations  Identify team members Match in  availability for team meetings  geographic location  grade goals/expectations  personality styles  get to know your team members Good mix of experience and skills relevant to the project

© 2009 CIS 13 Practical Considerations  Establish team decision making rules consensus majority vote  how do you break a tie vote?  Establish team structure Assigned roles vs ad hoc task performance  responsibilities of roles? continued

© 2009 CIS 14 Practical Considerations  Establish team operating procedures When / where will team meetings be held Team communications Record and distribute discussions and decisions from team meetings Managing the project plan and maintaining the project workbook continued

© 2009 CIS 15 Practical Considerations  Establish team ground rules Examples  Individual assignments must be completed before the team meeting at which they will be discussed.  Attendance at meetings is mandatory. If absence is unavoidable, individual assignments must be completed and delivered to the team before the team meeting.  etc... continued

© 2009 CIS 16 Hints for working in teams  Respect the time and talents of your team members Be on time Be prepared Be helpful when you have to criticize a team member’s work  Conduct well managed meetings Distribute an agenda ahead of time Take minutes: record key points of discussions and all action items. Distribute these promptly to all team members  Do not expect to do all the tasks in the team meeting Work independently and in parallel on different parts of the project Use team meetings to coordinate, review and integrate the work