Siemens Building Technologies 1 Renewable Energy Alterntives in The State of Florida Developers Perspective July 26, 2007 Scott Keeley Energy and Environmental Solutions Siemens Building Technologies

Current Available Sources Landfill Gas Biomass Wind Solar Waste to Energy

Siemens Building Technologies 3 Landfill Gas to Electricity Decomposing trash produces methane which can be burned in reciprocating engines Landfills are required to collect and flare this gas when they reach specific size range so this gas is being flared and wasted at over 12 landfills in Florida at this time Counties that own these landfills receive royalty payments Base load 92% load factor applications MWs potential projects Relatively low cost $60-80/MWHR all in costs depending on size, gas quality, and electrical interconnection costs Currently implementing 5.7 MW project in Manatee County

Siemens Building Technologies 4 Landfill Gas

Siemens Building Technologies 5 Biomass Green waste, tree trimmings from utilities, agriculture wastes, and wood from forestry management Fuel supply dictates project size very limited supply for projects above 15 MW Steam cycles Gasification may be more expensive than combustion, but have may have less or simpler emissions control MW potential

Siemens Building Technologies 6 Carpet Gasification Project Shaw Industries – Dalton, GA Growth Rate, Total Kilowatt Hours

Siemens Building Technologies 7 Municipal Solid Waste to Energy Still 87 waste to energy incineration plants operational in US Will newer technologies (thermal or biological) bring a cleaner solution? Many questions concerning true cost Are MSW plants including in definition of renewable sources Waste processing including pulling out recyclable portions of the waste can improve economics Relative large potential source of greater than 500 MW

Siemens Building Technologies 8 Closed Loop Biomass, Solar, and Wind Less defined than other alternatives Greater total potential in terms of total MW Wind applications in other parts of the country are very large and cost effective below 70 $/mwhr. Wind may be less attractive in Florida due to wind loadings, sighting issues, and design requirements to withstand hurricanes. Solar is more expensive and even more complicated in Florida due to hurricane design issues.

Siemens Building Technologies 9 Issues from a Developers Perspective Total price of electricity: Includes value of Recs. Term: longer terms are preferred Air Permits: Larger plants require NSPS permit Local permits: Not in my back yard sentiment Cost of electrical interconnection

Siemens Building Technologies 10 Questions?