Modernization in Japan

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Presentation transcript:

Modernization in Japan

I. Japan Ends its Isolation Japan in isolation (early 17th cent. – mid 19th cent.) “Closed Country Policy” China & Dutch ONLY!! Tokugawa Shogunate

A. The Demand for Foreign Trade Early 19th cent.: Westerners knock at Japanese door 1853: U.S. Commodore Matthew C. Perry West Pacific Whaling Tokyo Bay (4 modern steam-powered warships) Delivered letter from President Millard Fillmore Allow free trade (Perry threatened Shogun) Treaty of Kanagawa (1854): Japan opened two ports 1860: others followed; extraterritorial rights to foreigners

B. Meiji Reform & Modernization Japanese upset by Shogun’s decision regarding the West Turned to emperor (Mutsuhito) 1867: Tokugawa Shogun stepped down Ended military dictatorships (12th cent.) Mutsuhito took control Meiji: “enlightened rule” Meiji Era: Lasted 45 years

Meiji Emperor = MODERNIZE!! Sent diplomats to Europe & N. America Germany’s strong centralized govt. German army British navy American public education Industrialization Railroad (1872) Coal production rose Factories (shipbuilding & other)

II. Imperial Japan 1890: Japan was strongest military power in Asia!! Eliminated extraterritorial rights (1894) Nationalism = Imperialism

A. Japan Attacks China Japan Attacks China 1885: Japan & China signed “hands off agreement” concerning Korea 1894: China broke agreement Sino-Japanese War (Japan won) Chinese driven out of Korea Chinese Navy destroyed Japan in Manchuria 1895 Peace Treaty (gave Japan its first colonies) Taiwan & Pescadores Islands

B. Russo-Japanese War (1904 – 05) Russia & Japan = MAJOR WORLD POWERS Manchuria? 1903: Russia refused to stay out of Korea 1904: Japanese surprise attack Russia driven out of Korea 1905: Peace negotiations Treaty of Portsmouth (New Hampshire) Japan received Manchuria

C. Japanese Occupation of Korea 1905: Korea made a protectorate of Japan 1910: Japan annexed Korea Japanese were HARSH! Korean newspapers? Korean schools? Korean farmers? Japanese industries in Korea