Page 1 THEORY OF DEMAND P. Bharathi Page 2 What is Demand? The willingness to buy a good or service at all pricesThe willingness to buy a good or service.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Supply & Demand Analysis Miss Varee Spring 2004 Spring 2004Economics.
Advertisements

THEORY OF DEMAND DEFINITIONS OF DEMAND
Change in Quantity Demanded (▲QD) vs. Change in Demand (▲D)
Chapter 3 Demand.
Demand Ch. 4.
Turning in Chapter 3 homework  Numbers 4, 8, 10, and 18 Theory in Action report.
Chapter 5: Demand and Supply Supply and Shifters of Supply.
Supply & Demand Analysis Ms. Stack Fall 2008 Economics.
1 Demand, Supply & Equilibrium Demand & its Determinants  Wants Vs. Demand  A general example: The demand for Soda  Demand Schedule & Demand Curve 
Individual Markets: Demand & Supply 3 C H A P T E R.
Supply and Demand The Basics.
3 - 1 Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002 Markets Demand Defined Demand Graphed Changes in Demand Supply Defined Supply Graphed Changes in Supply Equilibrium.
THE THEORY OF DEMAND & SUPPLY
DEMAND ANALYSIS. Meaning of Demand: Demand for a particular commodity refers to the commodity which an individual consumer or household is willing to.
Section 1 Understanding Demand
Chapter 3 Demand Theory. Law of Demand There is an inverse relationship between the price of a good and the quantity of the good demanded per time period.
CH. 3 – DEMAND AND SUPPLY By:J.A.SACCO. Demand What is meant by demand and supply? What are the basic elements that determine the price of anything? How.
Demand Quantity Demanded refers to the amount (quantity) of a good that buyers are willing to purchase at alternative prices for a given period. or Demand.
The law of demand What is the law of demand? How do income and the law of diminishing marginal utility apply to demand? What’s the difference between the.
LAW OF DEMAND Meaning : The law of demand explains the relationships between price and quantity demanded. It may be stated as follows : “Other things being.
THEORY OF “DEMAND”. INTRODUCTION How much to produce and what price to charge? Factors determining demand for a product. Explores the relationship between.
Economics Unit Three Part I: Demand. Demand Essentially, demand is the willingness (or desire) to buy a good or service and the ability to pay for it.
Economics 100 Lecture 5 Demand and Supply (I). Demand and Supply  Opportunity Cost and Price  Demand.
Managerial Economics Managerial Economics Douglas - “Managerial economics is.. the application of economic principles and methodologies to the decision-making.
Shifts in the Demand Curve Objectives: Explain the difference between change in quantity demanded and change in demand Identify demand shifter variables.
Demand Defined Demand Graphed Changes in Demand Supply Defined Supply Graphed Changes in Supply Equilibrium Surpluses Shortages Individual Markets: Demand.
DEMAND. DEFINITION A schedule or a curve that shows the various amounts of a product that consumers are willing and able to purchase at each of a series.
Amity School of Business Elasticity of demand– the concept Elasticity of demand refers to the responsiveness of change in quantity demanded because of.
Demand Notes Quantity Demanded- the quantity of a good or service consumers are willing and able to purchase at a specific price at a given point in time.
1 Elasticity 2 “Demand Shifters” [TIMER] 1. Taste [direct] 2. Income [normal-direct] [inferior-inverse] 3. Market Size [number of consumers-direct] 4.
Chapter 4:Demand What is Demand? Factors affecting Demand Elasticity of Demand What is Demand? Factors affecting Demand Elasticity of Demand.
Demand.  Demand can be defined as the quantity of a particular good or service that consumers are willing and able to purchase at any given time.
 Goal: Demand Summary Day  Warm-up: Demand Worksheet.
Explorations in Economics Alan B. Krueger & David A. Anderson.
Chapter 4.  Demand – the desire AND ability to own or purchase  Does not refer to wishes or dreams  Law of Demand – the more it costs, the less you.
UNIT II Markets and Prices. Law of Demand Consumers buy more of a good when its price decreases and less when its price increases.
Demand A Schedule Showing the Consumers are Willing and Able to Purchase At a Specified Set of Prices During A Specified Period of Time Amounts of a Good.
CHAPTER 5: BASIC OF DEMAND AND SUPPLY
LAW OF DEMAND a. Define the Law of Supply and the Law of Demand.
Factors the Affect Demand Unit 4.2. More About the Demand Curve Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility – The second item will not give as much satisfaction.
Objective—Students will understand the concept of DEMAND AND SUPPLY and the law of demand and law of supply.
Demand: It is the quantity of a good or service that customers are willing and able to purchase during a specified period under a given set of economic.
Demand and Supply Chapters 4, 5 and 6. Demand demand is a schedule that shows the various amounts of a product consumers are WILLING and ABLE to BUY at.
What three factors determine the demand for a product?
Demand The Demand Curve Elasticity of Demand Changes in Demand CHAPTER 4.
THEORY OF “DEMAND” Enrollment no (Electrical A) Submitted to: Prof Shaifali Bhatia.
DEMAND. What you write: Demand (D) is the desire, willingness, and ability to buy a good or service Demand is on the consumer’s side What you need to.
Supply and Demand The Basics.
Demand analysis What is demand?
CHAPTER 5: BASIC OF DEMAND AND SUPPLY
Ceteris Paribus “All other things held constant”
Supply and Demand The Basics.
3 C H A P T E R Individual Markets Demand & Supply.
Economics Chapter 4 Review.
What is Best?.
Demand A consumer is said to constitute demand for a product or a commodity if he/she has the ‘willingness’ (i.e. desire) as well as the ‘ability’ (purchasing.
Demand and Supply The market price for products and services is affected by the demand and supply of products and services If there is a high supply and.
Elasticity of Demand Unit 2.
Economics Chapter 4 Review.
Demand.
Demand.
DEMAND & SUPPLY.
Change in Demand.
Ch 3. Demand, Supply, & Market Equilibrium
Demand Chapter 4.
Demand and Supply Chapters 4, 5 and 6.
Shifts in Demand Unit 2.
3 C H A P T E R Individual Markets: Demand & Supply.
Demand Major Key Alert.
Demand: Desire, ability, and willingness to buy a product
Presentation transcript:

Page 1 THEORY OF DEMAND P. Bharathi

Page 2 What is Demand? The willingness to buy a good or service at all pricesThe willingness to buy a good or service at all prices What is the law of Demand?What is the law of Demand? If nothing else changes, the quantity demanded of aIf nothing else changes, the quantity demanded of a good or service is greater at lower prices than higher. good or service is greater at lower prices than higher.

Page 3 Determinants of Demand Prices of other goods ( substitute or complementary)Prices of other goods ( substitute or complementary) Outlook (consumer expectation of future income and prices)Outlook (consumer expectation of future income and prices) Income (normal goods versus inferior goods)Income (normal goods versus inferior goods) Number of potential customers (pop. of market)Number of potential customers (pop. of market) Tastes (or fashions)Tastes (or fashions)

Page 4 Reasons for inverse relation between Reasons for inverse relation between price & demand price & demand 1.Income Effect –current buyers buy more. 2. Substitution Effect– new buyers now purchase. 3. Diminishing Marginal Utility - because buyers of successive units receive less marginal utility, of successive units receive less marginal utility, they will buy more only when the price is lowered. they will buy more only when the price is lowered.

Page 5 Rs …a specified time period …other things remaining constant PQDQD Price decreases; QD increases Consumers “willingness to buy” Rs.5 Rs. 4 Rs. 3 Rs. 2 Rs. 1 D Quantity Demanded

Page 6 GRAPHING DEMAND P Q o Rs54321P QDQDQDQD$ Price of Corn Quantity of Corn CORN

Page 7 55 P Q o Rs.54321P QDQDQDQDRs Price of Corn Quantity of Corn CORN GRAPHING DEMAND

Page 8 35 P Q o Rs.54321P QDQDQDQDRs Price of Corn Quantity of Corn CORN GRAPHING DEMAND

Page 9 P Q o Rs.54321P QDQDQDQDRs Price of Corn Quantity of Corn CORN GRAPHING DEMAND

Page 10 P Q o Rs P QDQDQDQDRs Price of Corn Quantity of Corn CORN GRAPHING DEMAND

Page 11 P Q o Rs.54321P QDQDQDQDRs D Price of Corn Quantity of Corn CORN GRAPHING DEMAND

Page 12 specifiedtime period … a specified time period …other things remaining constant Price decreases; QD increases Rs.5 Rs. 4 Rs. 3 Rs. 2 Rs. 1 D Quantity Demanded

Page 13 “C” Rs.3 Rs.3 Rs Rs From “individual” demand to “market” demand [Total] “A”“B” D D D D = And, what if the price of this product drops from Rs.3 to Rs.2? Individual Demand and Market Demand Rs.2 40 Rs.2 45 Rs.2 30 Rs “Market Demand”

Page 14 QD 2 QD 1 Price QD Inverse relationshi p Rs.10 D Change in QD 1. Price change 2. Movement [up/down the demand curve] [up/down the demand curve] 3. Point to point [along the curve] Rs.8

Page 15 “Demand Shifters” 1.Taste 2.Income 3.Market Size 4.Expectations of consumers about future price, Income, availability of good 5.Prices of related goods

Page 16 Complement [ inverse ] Butter D1D1D1D1 D2D2D2D2 P Substitute [ Direct ] Coffee D1D1D1D1 D2D2D2D2 P Bread P1P1P1P1 QD 1 QD 2 P2P2P2P2 D “Demand Shifters”

Page 17 P D3D3D3D3 D1D1D1D1 D3D3D3D3 QD 3 QD 1 QD 2 “Demand Shifters”

Page 18

Page 19 ELASTICITY OF DEMAND “ The degree of responsiveness of change in demand to a change in price ” Importance of Elasticity of demand: Determination of price under monopoly,Determination of price under monopoly, Determination of price under discriminating monopolyDetermination of price under discriminating monopoly Determination of price of product mix,Determination of price of product mix, Determination of price of public utilities,Determination of price of public utilities, Determination of international trade policyDetermination of international trade policy

Page 20 Type of elasticity of demand: Income elasticity of Demand: The degree of responsiveness of change in demand to a change in income Type of Income Elasticity of Demand: –Zero –Negative –Positive Price Elasticity of Demand: Price Elasticity of Demand: The degree of responsiveness of change in demand to a change in price The degree of responsiveness of change in demand to a change in price Methods of Measuring Price Elasticity: »Total outlay or expenditure method »Point Method »Arc Method

Page 21 Cross Elasticity of Demand: The degree of responsiveness of change in demand for good ‘B’ to a change inprice of good ‘A’ The degree of responsiveness of change in demand for good ‘B’ to a change inprice of good ‘A’ Type of Cross elasticity of demand: –Zero, –Negative, –Positive: a) >1 (b) 1 (b) <1, (c) =1 –Infinitive

Page 22 Factors governing the elasticity of demand: Number and closeness of substitutesNumber and closeness of substitutes Significance of commodity in budgetsSignificance of commodity in budgets Degree of necessity of goodsDegree of necessity of goods Habits and temperaments of consumerHabits and temperaments of consumer Number of the use of commodityNumber of the use of commodity Period of time for demandPeriod of time for demand

Page 23 Factors influencing demand: –Number of consumers –Price level –Availability of substitutes –Distribution of wealth –Taste –Fashion –Possibility of change in price –Climate –Advertisement

Page 24