Safe Places to Play and Be Active: Identifying Opportune Sites for Joint Use in Oakland, CA Rachel Cushing || UP 206A || February 8, 2011

The Problem Childhood obesity rates have tripled in last 30 years Californians not meeting national guidelines for physical activity: 6 out of 10 adults; 7 out of 10 children This could be the first generation of American children to have a shorter lifespan than their parents Sources: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Troiano, et al. (2008); Olshansky, et al. (2005); California Health Interview Survey

"Joint Use” The sharing of school facilities with local communities Health benefits Cost benefits Community benefits 40% of California school districts do not have joint use partnerships in effect Sources: Alameda County Public Health Department ; Center for Cities and Schools; Prevention Institute

Skills: inset map, attribute sub-sets selection Oakland Zip Codes was derived by Querying zip_poly for FID=Oakland and exporting data it to a new layer 23% of Alameda County residents are obese (BMI > 30) Source: Alameda County Public Health Department 31% of Alameda County residents are overweight (BMI = ) Source: Alameda County Public Health Department

Oakland population: 397,067 Source: U.S. Census, 2006 estimate Highest population: area code Source: U.S. Census, 2010 projection

Oakland’s Parks and Recreation Department maintains: 2,500 acres open space 100 parks 25 recreation & community centers Source: City of Oakland Parks and Recreation Department

Skills: buffering, geoprocessing (clipping) Children that lack access to parks have 20-45% higher odds of becoming obese or overweight compared to those with easy access Source: Glanz K & Sallis J (2006)

Skills: inset map, attribute sub-sets selection Block group was derived by selecting block group in the View from Block_Groups and converting it to a new shapefile Nearly all of the 1,440 residents of Census block group do not live within 0.5 miles of a park Source: U.S. Census 2010 projection

Skill: geocoding 12 Oakland Unified School District schools are located within the zip code ElementaryASCEND Elementary School ElementaryLazear Elementary School ElementaryLearning Without Limits Elementary Manzanita Community School ElementaryManzanita Seed ElementaryThink College Now Elementary School HighCollege Prep & Architecture Academy HighLife Academy HighMandela High School High Media College Preparatory High School MiddleUnited For Success MiddleUrban Promise Academy

High Opportunity Schools

Safety and Park Use Children that must cross several roads to get to parks are 40-60% less likely than other children to walk or bicycle to parks at least three times per week Source: Timperio A, et al. (2004); Google images

High Opportunity Schools ASCEND Elementary School Lazear Elementary School

California Fitnessgram Fitness Tests 1) Aerobic Capacity –PACER (Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run) –One-Mile Run –Walk Test (only for ages 13 or older) 2) Abdominal Strength and Endurance –Curl-Up 3) Upper Body Strength and Endurance –Push-Up –Modified Pull-Up –Flexed-Arm Hang 4) Body Composition –Skinfold Measurements –Body Mass Index –Bioelectric Impedance Analyzer 5) Trunk Extensor Strength and Flexibility –Trunk Lift 6) Flexibility –Back-Saver Sit and Reach –Shoulder Stretch Source: California Department of Education

Life Academy Urban Promise Academy High Opportunity Schools Manzanita Community Manzanita Seed Skill: chart

All High Opportunity Schools School Name# Students College Prep & Architecture Academy370 Life Academy260 Mandela High School343 Manzanita Community School279 Manzanita Seed280 Urban Promise Academy300 Media College Preparatory High School364

Recommendation Establish joint use agreements at the following OUSD schools: –College Prep & Architecture Academy –Life Academy –Mandela High School –Manzanita Community School –Manzanita Seed –Urban Promise Academy –Media College Preparatory High School

Skills Demonstrated Inset map Attribute sub-sets selections Boundary sub-sets selections Buffer Geocoding Geoprocessing (clipping) Chart

Next Steps Locate health data at the zip code or Census block group level –Physical activity rates –Overweight and obesity Determine other barriers to physical activity in the area –Community violence –Chronic disease (i.e., asthma) Determine acreage of High Opportunity School facilities