 Washington was chosen unanimously by the Electoral College  John Adams was elected Vice President The 2 did not work closely together once in office  Inaugurated April 30, 1789 in New York

 Constitution did not specify what “departments” should be created  State – Thomas Jefferson  Treasury – Alexander Hamilton  War – Henry Knox  Attorney General – Edmund Randolph  These advisors became known as the cabinet

 Owed money to foreign nations, citizens and soldiers  Hamilton’s Plan: ◦ Federal government should take on all debt (some states disagreed) ◦ Pass tariffs to raise money ◦ Form national bank and mint 1790 – capitol moved to Washington DC to convince Southerners to support banking plan

 Set up Supreme Court & 3 Federal Circuit Courts. Numbers have increased over time  John Jay – 1 st SC Chief Justice  Guaranteed federal laws remained “supreme Law of the Land” as stated by Constitution.

1)Strict or Loose interpretation of Constitution? ◦ Follow exactly what Constitution says ◦ Take reasonable actions not specified as long as they aren’t prohibited 2) For or against the national bank? (Hamilton for, Jefferson against) Bank of United States formed February 1791

 Washington thought they were dangerous, but divisions formed the first political parties  Federalists – followers of Hamilton ◦ Believed in a strong federal government ◦ Supported national bank ◦ Favored industry & trade ◦ Elite should control government

 Republicans – followers of Jefferson ◦ Strong state governments ◦ Opposed national bank ◦ Favored agriculture ◦ Common people should control government

 1791 – tax passed on liquor ◦ Farmers resented wealth of the East ◦ Objected to the tax ◦ Attacked tax collectors in western PA ◦ Washington sent 13,000 troops from MD, NJ & VA to meet 2,000 farmers ◦ Militia arrested many, 2 convicted of treason ◦ Showed federal power